Splitting aptamers and nucleic acid enzymes for the development of advanced biosensors
Splitting aptamers and nucleic acid enzymes for the development of advanced biosensors
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DOI：
10.1093/nar/gkaa132
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发表时间：
2020-04-17
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Mueller, Sabine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Debiais, Megane;Lelievre, Amandine;Mueller, Sabine
类似于依赖于蛋白质结构域的适当片段化的分裂蛋白质系统，由两个或更多个短核酸链制成的分裂适体已经成为生物传感器设置中的新工具。该概念依赖于将适体分割成一系列两个或更多个独立的片段，能够在特定靶标存在下组装。组装结构的稳定性可以通过在折叠时将导致片段的共价末端连接的官能团进一步增强。到目前为止，只有少数适体已被成功地拆分，并且拆分适体在生物传感方法中的应用仍然是有希望的，因为它是具有挑战性的。进一步提高裂解适体靶复合物的稳定性以及灵敏度和有效的工作模式是重要的任务。在这里，我们回顾了功能性核酸组装体，来自适体和核酶/DNA酶。我们专注于凝血酶，腺苷/ATP和可卡因分裂适体作为三个最研究的DNA分裂系统和分裂DNAzyme组件。此外，我们将主题扩展到分裂发光RNA适体，用作绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的模拟物和分裂核酶。
In analogy to split-protein systems, which rely on the appropriate fragmentation of protein domains, split aptamers made of two or more short nucleic acid strands have emerged as novel tools in biosensor set-ups. The concept relies on dissecting an aptamer into a series of two or more independent fragments, able to assemble in the presence of a specific target. The stability of the assembled structure can further be enhanced by functionalities that upon folding would lead to covalent end-joining of the fragments. To date, only a few aptamers have been split successfully, and application of split aptamers in biosensing approaches remains as promising as it is challenging. Further improving the stability of split aptamer target complexes and with that the sensitivity as well as efficient working modes are important tasks. Here we review functional nucleic acid assemblies that are derived from aptamers and ribozymes/DNAzymes. We focus on the thrombin, the adenosine/ATP and the cocaine split aptamers as the three most studied DNA split systems and on split DNAzyme assemblies. Furthermore, we extend the subject into split light up RNA aptamers used as mimics of the green fluorescent protein (GFP), and split ribozymes.