An integrated techno-economic and life cycle environmental assessment of power-to-gas systems
An integrated techno-economic and life cycle environmental assessment of power-to-gas systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.063
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Patel, Martin K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parra, David;Zhang, Xiaojin;Patel, Martin K.
对电力转天然气（P2G）作为一种储能技术的兴趣正在增加，因为它允许利用现有的天然气基础设施作为存储介质，从而减少资本投资并促进其部署。使用可再生电力的P2G系统也可以替代用于供暖和运输的化石燃料。在这项研究中，技术经济和生命周期评估（LCA），以确定P2G系统产生的氢气或甲烷（合成天然气SNG）作为主要产品的关键性能指标。所提出的方案假设P2G系统参与瑞士批发电力市场，包括几个增值服务，除了产生低化石碳气体。我们发现，没有一个系统可以在经济上与传统的天然气生产系统时，只销售氢气和SNG竞争。对于生产氢气的P2G系统，还需要其他四项服务，如供热和供氧，以确保1 MW P2H系统的经济可行性。从空气中捕获的CO2与从沼气提质工厂供应的CO2相比，为SNG增加了50美元/MW h（t）的额外平准成本，并且无论服务数量如何，它都没有提供经济案例。至于环境绩效，与传统天然气生产相比，只有将"清洁"的可再生电力输入电解才能为P2G带来环境效益。特别是，超过90%的生命周期环境负担主要由电解制氢的电力供应和SNG情况下的CO2来源决定。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Interest in power-to-gas (P2G) as an energy storage technology is increasing, since it allows to utilise the existing natural gas infrastructure as storage medium, which reduces capital investments and facilitates its deployment. P2G systems using renewable electricity can also substitute for fossil fuels used for heating and transport. In this study, both techno-economic and life cycle assessment (LCA) are applied to determine key performance indicators for P2G systems generating hydrogen or methane (synthetic natural gas SNG) as main products. The proposed scenarios assume that P2G systems participate in the Swiss wholesale electricity market and include several value-adding services in addition to the generation of low fossil-carbon gas.We find that none of the systems can compete economically with conventional gas production systems when only selling hydrogen and SNG. For P2G systems producing hydrogen, four other services such as heat and oxygen supply are needed to ensure the economic viability of a 1 MW P2H system. CO2 captured from the air adds $50/MW h(t) of extra levelised cost to SNG compared to CO2 supplied from biogas upgrading plants and it does not offer an economic case yet regardless of the number of services. As for environmental performance, only the input of "clean" renewable electricity to electrolysis result in environmental benefits for P2G compared to conventional gas production. In particular, more than 90% of the life cycle environmental burdens are dominated by the electricity supply to electrolysis for hydrogen production, and the source of CO2 in case of SNG. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.