Milk composition and health status from mammary gland quarters adjacent to glands affected with naturally occurring clinical mastitis.
Milk composition and health status from mammary gland quarters adjacent to glands affected with naturally occurring clinical mastitis.
复制标题
与自然发生的临床乳腺炎受影响的腺体相邻的乳腺区的乳成分和健康状况。
DOI：
10.3168/jds.2017-12547
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
P. Ruegg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Paixão;L. Abreu;R. Richert;P. Ruegg
乳腺区通常被认为是解剖和生理上独立的，但最近的一些研究表明，比以前报道的更多的相互依赖性。本研究的目的是比较来自具有单个临床炎症乳区的乳房的未受影响乳腺的乳汁样本的乳汁成分（脂肪、总蛋白、乳糖、非脂肪固体和氯化物）和健康状态（体细胞计数、白细胞分类计数和乳酸脱氢酶）与来自健康奶牛的健康乳腺的乳汁样本的结果。本研究设计为一项前瞻性病例对照研究，病例和对照奶牛按胎次和产奶天数匹配。病例定义为在单个乳腺中发生临床乳腺炎的奶牛（n = 59），对照组（n = 59）定义为在当前泌乳期间未发生临床乳腺炎的奶牛。从临床受影响的病例乳区附近的所有乳腺和对照组的相同乳腺中采集乳区乳汁样本。使用样本评估氯化物和乳酸脱氢酶、脂肪、总蛋白、非脂肪固体、体细胞计数和白细胞分类计数的浓度。还对从临床受影响的乳腺（n = 59）获得的乳汁样品进行了微生物分析。使用逻辑回归模型评估乳区体细胞计数（≥ 150，000个细胞/mL）和乳区类型（邻近病例或对照）之间的可能关联。多元线性模型被用来比较乳区类型之间的牛奶成分和健康状况。每组共入组170个乳区。从相邻四分之一的情况下获得的牛奶中含有较低浓度的总蛋白质，乳糖和固体非脂肪，但有较高浓度的脂肪和氯化物。与从对照奶牛的四分之一获得的乳汁相比，从病例奶牛的相邻四分之一获得的乳汁中体细胞计数、白细胞总数以及中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的绝对数量均增加。从病例中获得的乳汁中，中性粒细胞的相对比例增加，而巨噬细胞的比例减少。从病例的相邻乳区获得的约30%的乳汁样品具有≥ 150，000个细胞/mL的体细胞计数，而从对照奶牛乳区获得的乳汁样品具有12%的体细胞计数。乳腺的位置与任何结局无关。总之，我们的研究结果支持以前的研究表明，在一个单一的乳腺季度乳房内感染的免疫反应改变整个乳房的牛奶成分和健康状况。
Mammary gland quarters have usually been considered to be anatomically and physiologically independent, but some recent research has indicated more interdependence than previously reported. The objective of this study was to compare milk composition (fat, total protein, lactose, solids-not-fat, and chloride) and health status (somatic cell count, differential leukocyte count, and lactate dehydrogenase) of milk samples from unaffected mammary glands of an udder with a single clinically inflamed quarter to results of milk samples from healthy mammary glands of healthy cows. The study was designed as a prospective case control study with case and control cows matched by parity and days in milk. Cases were defined as cows (n = 59) experiencing clinical mastitis in a single mammary gland, and controls (n = 59) were defined as cows that had not experienced clinical mastitis during the current lactation. Quarter milk samples were collected from all mammary glands adjacent to clinically affected quarters of cases and from the same mammary glands of controls. Samples were used to assess concentration of chloride and lactate dehydrogenase, fat, total protein, solids-not-fat, somatic cell count, and differential leukocyte count. Microbiological analysis was also performed on milk samples obtained from clinically affected mammary glands (n = 59). Logistic regression models were used to assess possible associations among quarter somatic cell count (≥150,000 cells/mL) and quarter type (adjacent to case or control). Multivariate linear models were used to compare milk composition and health status between quarter types. A total of 170 quarters were enrolled per group. Milk obtained from adjacent quarters of cases contained a lesser concentration of total protein, lactose, and solids-not-fat, but had a greater concentration of fat and chloride. The somatic cell count, total leukocyte count, and absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages were all increased in milk obtained from adjacent quarters of case cows compared with milk obtained from quarters of control cows. The relative proportion of neutrophils was increased, whereas the proportion of macrophages was decreased in milk obtained from cases. Approximately 30% of milk samples obtained from adjacent quarters of cases had a somatic cell count ≥150,000 cells/mL compared with 12% of milk samples obtained from quarters of control cows. The position of the mammary gland was not associated with any outcomes. In conclusion, our results support previous research that indicates the immune response to intramammary infection in a single mammary gland quarter alters milk composition and health status throughout the udder.