Consequences of attributing discrimination to implicit vs. explicit bias
Consequences of attributing discrimination to implicit vs. explicit bias
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2019.04.010
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Richeson, Jennifer A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daumeyer, Natalie M.;Onyeador, Ivuoma N.;Richeson, Jennifer A.
内隐偏见已经引起了相当多的公众关注，有一些行为（例如，在这里，我们提出了4项研究的结果和一项内部荟萃分析，研究人们如何根据是否归因于肇事者的内隐或外显态度来推理歧视。参与者对犯罪者责任的看法，对惩罚的支持，对偏见的关注程度，以及对减少偏见的各种努力的支持（例如，教育）进行了评估。总的来说，结果表明，歧视的肇事者被追究较少的责任，往往被视为不值得惩罚时，他们的行为归因于内隐而不是明确的偏见。此外，至少在某些情况下，与显性偏见相比，人们对隐性偏见的关注较少，也不太可能支持打击隐性偏见的努力。讨论了在不破坏对它所产生的歧视的问责的情况下，努力传播隐性偏见的科学的影响。
Implicit bias has garnered considerable public attention, with a number of behaviors (e.g., police shootings) attributed to it. Here, we present the results of 4 studies and an internal meta-analysis that examine how people reason about discrimination based on whether it was attributed to the implicit or explicit attitudes of the perpetrators. Participants' perceptions of perpetrator accountability, support for punishment, level of concern about the bias, and support for various efforts to reduce it (e.g., education) were assessed. Taken together, the results suggest that perpetrators of discrimination are held less accountable and often seen as less worthy of punishment when their behavior is attributed to implicit rather than to explicit bias. Moreover, at least under some circumstances, people express less concern about, and are less likely to support efforts to combat, implicit compared with explicit bias. Implications for efforts to communicate the science of implicit bias without undermining accountability for the discrimination it engenders are discussed.