Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on interactions in a tritrophic system of non-target species.
Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on interactions in a tritrophic system of non-target species.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.027
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Philipp Uhl;Roman Bucher;R. Schäfer;M. Entling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Philipp Uhl;Roman Bucher;R. Schäfer;M. Entling
吡虫啉是世界上使用最多的杀虫剂之一，但对非靶标节肢动物具有高毒性。亚致死性吡虫啉中毒的影响可能会在食物网中传播，但对非目标人群和社区的影响知之甚少。以野草莓、林蟋蟀和苗圃网蜘蛛为模型，研究了吡虫啉对草莓、林蟋蟀和苗圃网蜘蛛的短期亚致死毒性。用Omg（对照）、Img（低速率）和IOmg（高速率）Confidor® WG 70处理草莓两次，并允许蟋蟀以其为食。在四个实验室实验中，我们量化了吡虫啉对蟋蟀叶片损伤、生长、行为和存活的影响。与对照组相比，高吡虫啉用量减少了蟋蟀的进食、体重增加、胸部生长和活动性，而所有处理的死亡率都同样低。低速率仅降低质量增加。蟋蟀的蜘蛛捕食的生存率较高，在低利率的治疗比在control.Overall，植食性和捕食减少在亚致死率的吡虫啉在一个非目标生物，三级食物链，这表明可能通过营养相互作用的亚致死效应的传播。
Imidacloprid is one of the most used insecticides worldwide, but is highly toxic to non-target arthropods. Effects of sublethal imidacloprid intoxication can potentially propagate in food webs, yet little is known about the impact on non-target populations and communities. We investigated short-term sublethal toxicity of imidacloprid in a tritrophic model system of wild strawberryFragaria vesca, wood cricketNemobius sylvestrisand nursery web spiderPisaura mirabilis. Strawberries were treated two times with 0 mg (control), 1 mg (low rate) and 10 mg (high rate) of Confidor® WG 70 and crickets were allowed to feed on them. In four lab experiments, we quantified the impact of imidacloprid on leaf damage, growth, behaviour and survival of crickets. The high imidacloprid rate reduced feeding, mass gain, thorax growth and mobility in crickets compared to the control, while mortality was similarly low in all treatments. The low rate reduced mass gain only. Cricket survival of spider predation was higher in the low rate treatment than in the control.Overall, herbivory and predation were reduced at sublethal imidacloprid rates in a non-target organism, three-level food chain, which demonstrates possible propagation of sublethal effects through trophic interactions.