Peumus boldus (Boldo) Aqueous Extract Present Better Protective Effect than Boldine Against Manganese-Induced Toxicity in D-melanogaster
Peumus boldus (Boldo) Aqueous Extract Present Better Protective Effect than Boldine Against Manganese-Induced Toxicity in D-melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1007/s11064-016-1984-z
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Puntel, Robson L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bianchini, Matheus Chimelo;Alves Gularte, Claudia Ortiz;Puntel, Robson L.
锰毒性的细胞、细胞内和分子机制仍不完全清楚，尽管已经讨论了有关锰神经毒性的几个问题。重要的是，据报道，氧化变化涉及锰诱导的毒性。因此，抗氧化剂有望为接触这种金属的果蝇提供保护。因此，在这项研究中，我们评估了这一假设，即水提取物的boldo（Peumus boldus），其生物碱boldine，可以防止/改善行为和氧化的变化引起的锰在D。黑胃中毒模型。成年野生型苍蝇同时暴露于锰（3毫米）和boldo水提取物（5毫克/毫升）或boldine（327.37微克/毫升）的食物在9天。与对照组相比，锰喂养的果蝇在阴性趋地性试验和旷场试验中的表现更差，并且头部和身体中的死亡率和TBARS水平更高。Boldo水提物可降低暴露于Mn的果蝇的死亡率。反过来，boldine对锰诱导的死亡率无效，并显着增加死亡率本身。此外，锰诱导的运动功能障碍完全改善boldo粗提物，只有部分改善boldine。同样，boldo完全使头部和身体TBARS水平正常化，而boldine仅使身体部分正常化。最后，我们发现用Mn处理的果蝇表现出多巴胺水平的显著降低。以上结果表明，boldo粗提物对锰诱导的D.黑腹，而boldine没有。此外，我们的数据证实了该模型的实用性，以调查潜在的治疗策略对运动障碍，如锰引起的。
The cellular, intracellular and molecular mechanism(s) underlying the toxicity of Mn are still incompletely understood, although several points concerning Mn neurotoxicity have been addressed. Importantly, oxidative changes have been reported to be involved in Mn-induced toxicity. As a consequence, antioxidants are expected to offer protection in Drosophila melanogaster exposed to this metal. So, in this study we evaluated the hypothesis that the aqueous extract of boldo (Peumus boldus), and its alkaloids boldine, could prevent/ameliorate behavioral and oxidative alterations induced by Mn in a D. melanogaster intoxication model. Adult wild-type flies were concomitantly exposed to Mn (3 mM) and boldo aqueous extract (5 mg/mL) or boldine (327.37 A mu g/mL) in the food during 9 days. Mn-fed flies had a worse performance in the negative geotaxis assay and in the open-field test, as well as a higher incidence of mortality and TBARS levels in head and body, when compared to control group. Boldo aqueous extract was found to reduce the mortality rate of the flies exposed to Mn. In turn, boldine was ineffective against Mn-induced mortality and significantly increases mortality per se. Additionally, Mn-induced locomotors dysfunction were fully ameliorated by boldo crude extract and only partially ameliorated by boldine. Likewise, boldo completely normalize head and body TBARS levels, whereas boldine only partially normalize in body. Finally, we found that flies treated with Mn presented significantly decrease in dopamine levels. Our results suggest that boldo crude extract can exert protective effect against Mn-induced toxicity in D. melanogaster, whereas boldine do not. Moreover, our data confirm the utility of this model to investigate potential therapeutic strategies on movement disorders, such as that caused by Mn.