The Dual Function of Judgment Devices: Why Does the Plurality of Market Classifications Matter?
The Dual Function of Judgment Devices: Why Does the Plurality of Market Classifications Matter?
复制标题
判断手段的双重功能：为什么市场分类的多元化很重要？
DOI：
10.12759/hsr.42.2017.1.152-188
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gaëtan Godefroy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eve Chiapello;Gaëtan Godefroy
»Die Doppelfunktion der Beurteilungsinstrumente.因为市场的多元化已经开始了。本文旨在促进对判断工具（Karpik 2010）在市场中的双重功能的理解。第一，这些手段支持市场的构建和市场的产品分类，每一个分类都与判断商品质量或价值的不同程序相关联。第二，他们组织分类和排名的东西在同一个细分市场交易。市场的分割，被理解为几种类型的判断手段的共存，每一种都与不同的行为者和实践相关联，因此可以被视为多样性的一个受欢迎的来源，防止过度相似的判断手段所产生的标准化效应。本文研究的分类操作，伴随着法国市场的变化，通过金融和银行渠道为社会部门组织提供资金。我们观察到影响力投资市场的到来，影响力投资是自2000年代末以来对一系列起源于美国和英国的风险投资融资方法的命名。我们在三个层面上研究这些分类操作：创建新的融资市场（影响力投资（II）市场）的想法所需的边界建设工作，现有的社会组织融资市场被分割成由不同的评估和分类制度管理的子空间，以及这些分类对被评判的组织的影响。
»Die Doppelfunktion der Beurteilungsinstrumente. Warum die Pluralität der Marktklassifikationen zählt«. This article aims to advance understanding of the dual function of judgment devices (Karpik 2010) in markets. First, these devices support the construction of markets and their segmentation into classes of products, each segment being associated with different procedures for judging the quality or value of goods. Second, they organize classifications and a ranking of the things traded in the same market segment. The fragmentation of markets, understood as the cohabitation of several types of judgment devices, each one associated with different configurations of actors and practices, can then be seen as a welcome source of diversity, preventing the standardizing effects that would result from over-similar judgment devices. This article studies the classification operations that accompany changes in the French market that provides funding for social-sector organizations through financial and banking channels. We observe the arrival on this market of impact investing, the name given since the end of the 2000s to a set of venture capitalisminspired financing methods that originated in the USA and the UK. We study these classification operations at three levels: the boundary-building work needed to create the idea of a new financing market (the impact investing (II) market), the fragmentation of the existing market for financing social organizations into sub-spaces governed by different assessment and classification regimes, and the effect of these classifications on the organizations being judged.