Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 Prevents Dental Caries by Regulating Dental Plaque Microbiota
Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 Prevents Dental Caries by Regulating Dental Plaque Microbiota
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抗菌肽 GH12 通过调节牙菌斑微生物群预防龋齿
DOI：
10.1128/aem.00527-20
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Zhang, Linglin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang, Wentao;Wang, Yufei;Zhang, Linglin
在体外和体内系统评价了抗菌肽GH12的抗药作用和微生态调节作用。在体外实验中，GH12在不过度干预健康个体微生物生态的情况下抑制牙菌斑的致龋毒力。GH12在体内龋病条件下对牙菌斑微生物生态有一定的调节作用，增加了共生菌的比例，降低了龋病相关菌的丰度。GH12在体内显著抑制龋病的发生率和严重程度。因此，这项研究描述了一种替代的抗菌治疗龋齿。由于牙菌斑复杂的微生态和微环境，新的预防龋齿策略需要从生态角度调节微生物群落，有效降低牙菌斑的致龋性。抗菌肽GH12在体外研究中减少了变形链球菌生物膜和三种生物膜的乳酸生成和胞外多糖（EPS）合成。然而，GH12的抗药作用和微生态效应还有待于体外复杂生物膜模型和体内动物龋模型的研究。在本研究中，64 mg/l浓度的GH12在体外对人牙菌斑衍生的多物种生物膜的乳酸生成、EPS合成、pH下降和生物膜完整性的抑制作用最为有效，因此选择64 mg/l浓度的GH12用于后续的体外和体内实验。当使用64 mg/l GH12处理时，从健康志愿者中采集的牙菌斑衍生的多物种生物膜保持其微生物多样性，并显示出与对照组相似的微生物群落结构。在促进龋齿饮食的大鼠龋齿模型中，64 mg/l GH12调节牙菌斑微生物群，使牙菌斑中龋齿相关细菌丰度降低，共生细菌丰度增加。此外，64 mg/l GH12显著降低了各部位沟面和光滑面龋的龋分。综上所述，GH12在不影响健康个体牙菌斑微生物群的情况下抑制牙菌斑的致龋特性，并调节牙菌斑微生物生态，抑制龋病条件下的龋发育。重要性对抗菌肽GH12的体外和体内抗药作用和微生态调节作用进行了系统评价。在体外实验中，GH12在不过度干预健康个体微生物生态的情况下抑制牙菌斑的致龋毒力。GH12在体内龋病条件下对牙菌斑微生物生态有一定的调节作用，增加了共生菌的比例，降低了龋病相关菌的丰度。GH12在体内显著抑制龋病的发生率和严重程度。因此，这项研究描述了一种替代的抗菌治疗龋齿。
The anticaries effects and microecological regulation effects of the antimicrobial peptide GH12 were evaluated systematically in vitro and in vivo. GH12 inhibited the cariogenic virulence of dental plaque without overintervening in the microbial ecology of healthy individuals in vitro. GH12 regulated the microbial ecology of dental plaque to a certain extent in vivo under cariogenic conditions, increased the proportion of commensal bacteria, and decreased the abundance of caries-associated bacteria. GH12 significantly suppressed the incidence and severity of dental caries in vivo. This study thus describes an alternative antimicrobial therapy for dental caries. ABSTRACT Due to the complex microecology and microenvironment of dental plaque, novel caries prevention strategies require modulating the microbial communities ecologically and reducing the cariogenic properties effectively. Antimicrobial peptide GH12 reduced the lactic acid production and exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis of a Streptococcus mutans biofilm and a three-species biofilm in vitro in previous studies. However, the anticaries effects and microecological effects of GH12 remained to be investigated in a complex biofilm model in vitro and an animal caries model in vivo. In the present study, GH12 at 64 mg/liter showed the most effective inhibition of lactic acid production, EPS synthesis, pH decline, and biofilm integrity of human dental plaque-derived multispecies biofilms in vitro, and GH12 at 64 mg/liter was therefore chosen for use in subsequent in vitro and in vivo assays. When treated with 64-mg/liter GH12, the dental plaque-derived multispecies biofilms sampled from healthy volunteers maintained its microbial diversity and showed a microbial community structure similar to that of the control group. In the rat caries model with a caries-promoting diet, 64-mg/liter GH12 regulated the microbiota of dental plaque, in which the abundance of caries-associated bacteria was decreased and the abundance of commensal bacteria was increased. In addition, 64-mg/liter GH12 significantly reduced the caries scores of sulcal and smooth surface caries in all locations. In conclusion, GH12 inhibited the cariogenic properties of dental plaque without perturbing the dental plaque microbiota of healthy individuals and GH12 regulated the dysbiotic microbial ecology and arrested caries development under cariogenic conditions. IMPORTANCE The anticaries effects and microecological regulation effects of the antimicrobial peptide GH12 were evaluated systematically in vitro and in vivo. GH12 inhibited the cariogenic virulence of dental plaque without overintervening in the microbial ecology of healthy individuals in vitro. GH12 regulated the microbial ecology of dental plaque to a certain extent in vivo under cariogenic conditions, increased the proportion of commensal bacteria, and decreased the abundance of caries-associated bacteria. GH12 significantly suppressed the incidence and severity of dental caries in vivo. This study thus describes an alternative antimicrobial therapy for dental caries.