Examining Childhood Obesity Through the Lens of Developmental Psychopathology: Framing the Issues to Guide Best Practices in Research and Intervention
Examining Childhood Obesity Through the Lens of Developmental Psychopathology: Framing the Issues to Guide Best Practices in Research and Intervention
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DOI：
10.1037/amp0000581
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Miller, Alison L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bohnert, Amy M.;Loren, Dorothy M.;Miller, Alison L.
美国青少年儿童超重和肥胖率仍处于历史高位，并可能持续到成年，导致医疗保健支出增加、合并症和生活质量下降。本文的目的是说明如何应用从发展精神病理学 (DP) 中得出的原理来增强当前对儿童期及以后肥胖风险的概念化。 DP 是一种理论视角，它利用发展科学的原理来模拟导致适应不良或功能障碍的复杂过程，并具有生物、心理和情境根源，从而重塑了儿童心理健康的面貌。本文重点关注两个广泛的相互关联的 DP 原则：(a) 对规范和非规范的发展路径以及个体变异过程和发展变化的本质进行审查；(b) 随着时间的推移阐明复杂的交易和转型过程，其中包含嵌入多层次模型中的生物行为和社会背景因素。通过说明这些DP原则如何扩展当前的儿童肥胖知识，本文提供了一个新颖的视角，将中央发育过程与儿童肥胖风险紧密结合起来，并可能丰富概念模型并为儿童肥胖研究激发新方向，最终导致减缓或理想情况下扭转肥胖流行所需的更有效的干预和预防工作。
Rates of childhood overweight and obesity among youth in the United States remain historically high and can persist into adulthood, resulting in increased health care expenditures, comorbidities, and reduced quality of life. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how principles drawn from developmental psychopathology (DP) can be applied to enhance current conceptualizations of obesity risk during childhood and beyond. DP is a theoretical perspective that has reshaped the landscape of childhood mental health by using principles of developmental science to model complex processes leading to maladaptation or dysfunction with biological, psychological, and contextual roots. This article focuses on 2 broad interrelated DP tenets: (a) examination of developmental pathways considered both normative and nonnormative as well as processes of individual variation and the nature of developmental change and (b) articulation of complex transactional and transformational processes over time that incorporate both biobehavioral and social-contextual factors embedded in multilevel models. By illustrating how these DP tenets can expand on current childhood obesity knowledge, this article offers a novel perspective that closely aligns central developmental processes with childhood obesity risk and may enrich conceptual models and spark new directions for childhood obesity research, leading ultimately to more effective intervention and prevention efforts necessary to slow or, ideally, reverse, the obesity epidemic.