Spatial distribution of soil organic matter in two fields on tidal flat sediments (Zhejiang Province, China) differing in duration of paddy management
Spatial distribution of soil organic matter in two fields on tidal flat sediments (Zhejiang Province, China) differing in duration of paddy management
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不同水稻管理年限下两块滩涂沉积物田地土壤有机质的空间分布（中国浙江省）
DOI：
10.1002/jpln.201400119
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kögel-Knabner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kölbl;Mueller-Niggemann;Schwark;Kögel-Knabner
尽管它的生态和经济的重要性，只有有限的信息是在土壤发育过程中的稻田土壤有机C（OC）的空间变异。为了更深入地了解持续水稻管理中有机碳的积累和空间分布，本研究调查了慈溪（杭州湾，中国东部）地区50和300年的水稻田的水坑表层，犁盘以及下层底土的空间异质性。在规则的正交网格的基础上对地块进行采样。该网格结合了距离为5 m的大规模设计和0.5至1 m范围内的小规模嵌套抽样。用螺旋钻在三个取样深度上取样：（1）表层淤泥层，（2）致密耕层，（3）混合底土层。所有样品进行了分析，他们的OC和总氮浓度以及他们的土壤颜色（亮度值），以评估土壤亮度和OC的数量和分布之间的关系。通过计算变异函数研究了不同土层中所有分析参数的空间行为;空间依赖程度由块金-基台比确定。结果表明，对于每一个分析的土壤层，有机碳和氮浓度显着高于在与50年的水稻管理的领域与300年的水稻管理。表层土壤有机碳浓度变化范围为13.8 ~ 23.6 mg g−1，耕作层有机碳变化范围为3.3 ~ 9.6 mg g−1，下层土壤有机碳浓度也略有增加，变化范围为2.9 ~ 3.3 mg g− 1。虽然只比较了两个时间点，但我们认为水稻土形成是造成两个地点有机碳空间分布差异的最可能原因。比较50和300岁的稻田网站的空间深度分布表明，OC的空间格局的发展与时间从表土到下层土壤的地平线。测量土壤亮度不足以预测水稻土中土壤有机碳的数量和分布，特别是在有深色焚烧秸秆残留物干扰的土壤中。的空间均匀性的程度是相等的，在这两个网站，这表明，耕作的做法（puddling，平整，燃烧和秸秆残留物的结合）最有可能保持一个相当高的随机空间变异性约。百分之四十五有机碳在耕层中的空间分布与耕层不同，表明有机碳在耕层中的迁移主要是通过沿着局部裂隙和生物孔隙的优先流动通道进行的。
Despite of its ecological and economic importance, only limited information is available on spatial variability of soil organic C (OC) in paddy fields during soil development. To obtain deeper insights into the accumulation and spatial distribution of OC with ongoing paddy management, the present study investigates spatial heterogeneities in puddled topsoil layers, in the plough pan, as well as in the underlying subsoil of a 50‐ and 300‐y old paddy site at the area of Cixi (Hangzhou Bay, E China). Sampling of the plots was done on the basis of a regular, orthogonal grid. The grid combined a large‐scale design with distances of 5 m with a small‐scale nested sampling ranging within 0.5 to 1 m. Samples have been taken with an auger in three sampling depths: (1) puddled topsoil layer, (2) dense plough layer, (3) mixed subsoil horizon. All samples were analyzed for their OC and total N concentrations as well as for their soil color (lightness value) to assess relationships between soil lightness and OC amount and distribution. The spatial behavior of all analyzed parameters in the different soil layers was investigated by calculating variograms; the degree of spatial dependence was determined by nugget‐to‐sill ratios. The results show that for each analyzed soil layer, OC and N concentrations were significantly higher in the field with 300 y of paddy management than in the field with 50 y of paddy management. Topsoil OC concentrations changed from 13.8 to 23.6 mg g−1, OC in the plough layer changed from 3.3 to 9.6 mg g−1, and also the subsoil showed a slight increase from 2.9 to 3.3 mg g−1.Although only two points in time were compared, we assume that paddy soil formation is the most likely reason for differences in the spatial distribution of OC between the two sites. Comparing the spatial depth distribution of the 50‐ and 300‐y old paddy sites suggests that the development of a spatial pattern of OC proceeded with time from topsoil to the underlying soil horizons. Measuring soil lightness was insufficient to predict amount and distribution of soil OC in paddy soils, especially in soils with interfering dark‐colored burnt straw residues. The degree of spatial homogeneity was equal in the two sites, suggesting that cultivation practices (puddling, levelling, burning and incorporation of straw residues) most likely maintained a rather high random spatial variability of approx. 45%. The spatial pattern of OC in the topsoil was dissimilar to the plough layer, revealing that transport of OC in the plough pan occurred mainly in preferential flow paths along localized cracks and biopores.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
Cornelia Mueller-Niggemann;A. Bannert;M. Schloter;E. Lehndorff;L. Schwark
通讯作者：
Cornelia Mueller-Niggemann;A. Bannert;M. Schloter;E. Lehndorff;L. Schwark
DOI：
10.1016/j.nimb.2012.07.012
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
T. Bräuer;P. Grootes;M. Nadeau;N. Andersen
通讯作者：
T. Bräuer;P. Grootes;M. Nadeau;N. Andersen