Domestication impacts on plant–herbivore interactions: a meta-analysis
Domestication impacts on plant–herbivore interactions: a meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2016.0034
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发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Whitehead;Martin M. Turcotte;K. Poveda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Whitehead;Martin M. Turcotte;K. Poveda
几千年来，人类对驯化作物进行了强有力的选择，导致与野生祖先相比，作物表型发生了巨大变化。作物产量增加了，但长期以来的假设是，驯化也无意中降低了植物对食草动物的防御能力。为了验证这一假设，我们进行了一项遗传控制的荟萃分析，比较了作物及其野生亲缘植物对昆虫植食性的抗性和推定的植物防御性状。我们的数据库包括89项研究中73种作物的2098项比较。我们发现，驯化始终降低植物对食草动物的抵抗力，尽管影响的大小在植物器官中各不相同，并取决于如何测量抵抗力。然而，驯化没有一致的影响，具体的植物防御性状的抗性，包括次生代谢产物和物理喂养障碍。在驯化过程中，这些性状的值有时增加，有时减少。只有在生殖器官或收获的植物器官中测量防御性状时，才观察到驯化的一致负面影响。这些结果强调了驯化下进化的复杂性，以及对农艺选择影响物种相互作用机制的理论理解的必要性，这些相互作用影响我们粮食系统的产量和可持续性。本文是主题问题“人类对进化的影响，以及生态和社会后果”的一部分。
For millennia, humans have imposed strong selection on domesticated crops, resulting in drastically altered crop phenotypes compared with wild ancestors. Crop yields have increased, but a long-held hypothesis is that domestication has also unintentionally decreased plant defences against herbivores. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis comparing insect herbivore resistance and putative plant defence traits between crops and their wild relatives. Our database included 2098 comparisons made across 73 crops in 89 studies. We found that domestication consistently reduced plant resistance to herbivores, although the magnitude of the effects varied across plant organs and depended on how resistance was measured. However, domestication had no consistent effects on the specific plant defence traits underlying resistance, including secondary metabolites and physical feeding barriers. The values of these traits sometimes increased and sometimes decreased during domestication. Consistent negative effects of domestication were observed only when defence traits were measured in reproductive organs or in the plant organ that was harvested. These results highlight the complexity of evolution under domestication and the need for an improved theoretical understanding of the mechanisms through which agronomic selection can influence the species interactions that impact both the yield and sustainability of our food systems. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human influences on evolution, and the ecological and societal consequences’.