Acetylated Triterpene Glycosides and Their Biological Activity from Holothuroidea Reported in the Past Six Decades.
Acetylated Triterpene Glycosides and Their Biological Activity from Holothuroidea Reported in the Past Six Decades.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/md14080147
复制
发表时间：
2016-08-04
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Franco CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bahrami Y;Franco CM
在许多亚洲国家，海参作为一种滋补和功能食品、饮食美食和传统医药的重要成分，已有许多世纪的价值。海参中含有多种生物活性物质。海参中最重要和最丰富的次生代谢产物是三萜皂苷(皂苷)。由于具有广泛的潜在生物活性，这些天然化合物引起了人们的关注，这使得它们成为高价值的化合物，在营养食品、化妆品、医药和医药产品中有着广泛的应用。它们的特点是具有广泛的结构，如硫酸盐化、非硫酸盐化和乙酰化糖苷。从海参总科中已报道了700多个三萜苷，其中超过145个被乙酰氧基装饰，具有38个不同的苷元。海参三萜糖苷类化合物大多为全烷型，在其基因组中含有C18(20)内酯基团和Δ7(8)或Δ9(11)双键。乙酰氧基主要与其苷元的C-16、C-22、C-23和/或C-25相连。显然，乙酰氧基的存在，特别是苷元的C-16位，对这些化合物的生物活性起着重要的作用，包括诱导半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶、细胞凋亡、细胞毒性、抗癌、抗真菌和抗菌活性。本手稿重点介绍了乙酰化皂苷的结构、生物活性及其构效关系。
Sea cucumbers have been valued for many centuries as a tonic and functional food, dietary delicacies and important ingredients of traditional medicine in many Asian countries. An assortment of bioactive compounds has been described in sea cucumbers. The most important and abundant secondary metabolites from sea cucumbers are triterpene glycosides (saponins). Due to the wide range of their potential biological activities, these natural compounds have gained attention and this has led to their emergence as high value compounds with extended application in nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, medicinal and pharmaceutical products. They are characterized by bearing a wide spectrum of structures, such as sulfated, non-sulfated and acetylated glycosides. Over 700 triterpene glycosides have been reported from the Holothuroidea in which more than 145 are decorated with an acetoxy group having 38 different aglycones. The majority of sea cucumber triterpene glycosides are of the holostane type containing a C18 (20) lactone group and either Δ7(8) or Δ9(11) double bond in their genins. The acetoxy group is mainly connected to the C-16, C-22, C-23 and/or C-25 of their aglycone. Apparently, the presence of an acetoxy group, particularly at C-16 of the aglycone, plays a significant role in the bioactivity; including induction of caspase, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, anticancer, antifungal and antibacterial activities of these compounds. This manuscript highlights the structure of acetylated saponins, their biological activity, and their structure-activity relationships.