Shifting Others: Kastom and Politics at the Vanuatu Cultural Centre
Shifting Others: Kastom and Politics at the Vanuatu Cultural Centre
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改变他人：瓦努阿图文化中心的卡斯托姆与政治
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Benedicta Rousseau
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文献类型：
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作者：
Benedicta Rousseau
在评估比斯拉马术语kastom的起源时，人类学家强调了其本质上的对立性(Bolton 1999；Lindstrom 1982；Rousseau 2004)。卡斯托姆出现在殖民和传教的背景下，它提供了一种不同于Skul的生活方式的论述标记--传教的方式(Bolton 1999)。在接下来的一个世纪里，它发现自己陷入了各种“评价性二元论”(Lindstrom 1982)，因为实践、物质文化和行为与描述者kastom联系在一起。瓦努阿图的现代性经历可以被描述为一系列的“他者”，Kastom类别处于对立关系中，这提供了对土著的定义(Taylor 2010)。然而，在某些方面，卡斯托姆的作品抵制或掩盖了这一行动，携带着稳定、原始主义、恒久的思想内涵。这一章试图揭示kastom的流动性，绘制出kastom领域和政治之间在过去30年中的波动关系，以及通过这种互动创造的多个其他人1。
Assessing the origins of the Bislama term, kastom, anthropologists have highlighted its essentially oppositional nature (Bolton 1999; Lindstrom 1982; Rousseau 2004). Emerging in the context of colonisation and missionisation, kastom provided a discursive marker of a lifestyle apart from that of skul—the way of the mission (Bolton 1999). Over the next century, it found itself enmeshed in a variety of ‘evaluative dualisms’ (Lindstrom 1982), as practices, material culture and demeanour became linked with the descriptor, kastom. Vanuatu’s experience of modernity could be characterised as a series of ‘otherings’, with the category of kastom positioned in oppositional relationships that provide a definition of indigeneity (Taylor 2010). In some ways, though, kastom works to resist or obscure this action, carrying with it ideological connotations of stability, primordialism, constancy. This chapter seeks to expose the fluidity of kastom, charting the fluctuating relationship between the spheres of kastom and politics over the past 30 years, and the multiple ‘others’ created through that interaction.1