Occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and toxigenic Fusarium species in freshly harvested rice in Jiangsu, China
Occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and toxigenic Fusarium species in freshly harvested rice in Jiangsu, China
复制标题
中国江苏新收获水稻中镰刀菌毒素和产毒镰刀菌种类的存在
DOI：
10.3920/wmj2019.2477
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Shi, J. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dong, F.;Xing, Y. J.;Shi, J. R.
2017年，从中国江苏省42个县收集了236份大米样品，并分析了镰刀菌毒素。真菌毒素分析表明，糙米中含有脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（3-ADON）、15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（15-ADON）、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）、镰刀菌烯酮X（FUS-X）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）、伏马菌素（FB 1、FB 2和FB 3）和白僵菌素（Bauvericin）。稻谷霉菌毒素污染的区域差异归因于水稻开花期降水和农业实践的差异，在三个研究区域。重要的是，白色大米中DON、NIV、ZEA和伏马菌素的平均浓度显著低于糙米中的平均浓度，并且大米副产品中毒素的相对比例超过84%。镰刀菌分离物，然后从未脱壳的大米样品中获得;亚洲镰刀菌是最常见的，其次是富士仓镰刀菌，镰刀菌增殖，轮枝镰刀菌，和镰刀菌公社。真菌毒素的基因型和化学分析表明，大多数F。asiaticum分离株（71%）为3-ADON化学型，其余为NIV生产者。所有的F。proliferatum和F. verticillioides分离物，大部分F. Fujikuroi分离物产生伏马菌素，并且这三个物种中的大多数共同产生伏马菌素。本研究首次对江苏省水稻中镰刀菌毒素及致病镰刀菌进行了研究。本研究结果有助于我们了解水稻上镰刀菌的种群动态，并制定有效的防治措施。
In 2017, 236 rice samples were collected from 42 counties in Jiangsu province, China, and analysed for Fusarium mycotoxins. Mycotoxin analyses showed that deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), nivalenol (NIV), fusarenone X (FUS-X), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisins (including FB1, FB2, and FB3), and beauvericin (BEA) were present in unhusked rice samples. Regional differences in mycotoxin contamination of unhusked rice were attributed to differences in precipitation during rice anthesis and agricultural practices among the three study regions. Importantly, the mean concentrations of DON, NIV, ZEA, and fumonisins in white rice were significantly lower than those in unhusked rice, and the relative proportion of the toxins in rice by-products exceeded 84%. Fusarium isolates were then obtained from the unhusked rice samples; Fusarium asiaticum was the most common, followed by Fusarium fujikuroi, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium verticillioides, and Fusarium commune. Genotype and chemical analyses of mycotoxins showed that most F. asiaticum isolates (71%) were 3-ADON chemotypes; the remainder were NIV producers. All of the F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides isolates, and most of the F. fujikuroi isolates produce fumonisins, and most of the three species coproduced BEA. The present study is the first to evaluate Fusarium mycotoxins and toxigenic Fusarium species from rice freshly harvested in Jiangsu province, China. The results of this study improve our understanding the population dynamics of Fusarium species in rice and the development of effective control measures.