RULES FOR SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS IN 4 CULTURES
RULES FOR SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS IN 4 CULTURES
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DOI：
10.1080/00049538608259017
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发表时间：
1986-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
ARGYLE, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ARGYLE, M
英国的一项关于22种社会关系规则的研究在香港、意大利和日本进行了复制，并对一些跨文化假设进行了测试。研究发现，所有的关系都有规则，而对于每一种关系，所有四种文化都认可某些规则。在香港、意大利和日本，这种关系形成了三个集群，其规则相似。在东方文化中，特别是日本，有更多关于服从、避免丢脸、保持群体和谐关系和抑制情绪表达的规则。在日本，有更多的规则等级工作关系，家庭较少。在香港，尊重父母的规定很重要。在意大利，人们更多地赞同规定情感表达的规则，以及在亲密关系中保持亲密关系的规则;性在广泛的关系中被认为是允许的。人们承认，一个更主位的方法是可取的;有一些负面的结果，这可能是可以解释的文化差异的基本过程的表达，例如，没有更多的支持交换reqards在日本。英国样本中认可的规则更多，这可能是因为这些规则来自英国的一项研究。建议的规则，可能会被列入，如果研究起源于日本。
A British study of the rules for 22 social relationships was replicated in Hong Kong, Italy and Japan, and a number of cross-cultural hypotheses tested. It was found that there were rules for all relationships and that for each relationship certain rules were endorsed in all four cultures. In Hong Kong, Italy and Japan the relationships formed three clusters, in terms of similar rules. However in Britain only two clusters were found. In the Eastern cultures, especially in Japan, there were more rules about obedience, avoiding loss of face, maintaining harmonious relations in groups, and restraining emotional expression. In Japan there were more rules for hierarchical work relations, fewer for familuy. In Hong Kong rules about respect for parents were important. In Italy there was more endorsement of rules prescribing emotional expression, and for keeping up intimacy in intimate relations; sex was endorsed as permissible in a wide range of relationships. It is acknowledged that a more emic approach would have been desirable; there were some negative results which might be explicable in terms of cultural variations in the expression of basic processes, for example there was no greater endorsement of exchange of reqards in Japan. The fact that more rules were endorsed in the British sample is probably because the rules were taken from a British study. Suggestions are made for rules which might have been included if the study had originated in Japan.