On the maximum energy of shock-accelerated cosmic rays at ultra-relativistic shocks

On the maximum energy of shock-accelerated cosmic rays at ultra-relativistic shocks
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关于超相对论激波下激波加速宇宙射线的最大能量

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stu088
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Reville B
Reville B
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reville B

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本文研究了宇宙线在弱磁化超相对论激波中被加速的最大能量。我们表明,对于这样的冲击,其中的高能粒子的散射介导的离子集肤深度尺度结构,可以预期的韦伯介导的冲击,有一个内在的限制,粒子可以被加速的最大能量。这个最大能量是根据粒子在下游等离子体框架中必须各向同性的要求确定的,然后平均场将它们输送到远下游,并且福尔斯大大低于产生超高能宇宙射线所需的能量。为了避开这个限制,在更大的尺度上需要一个高度无组织的场。宇宙射线引起的波长上的不稳定性的增长远远长于离子等离子体趋肤深度,上游和下游的冲击,被认为是。虽然这些不稳定性可能在相对论冲击的磁场放大中发挥重要作用,但在与最高能粒子的回旋半径相当的尺度上,计算出的增长率没有足够的时间来修改散射。由于强修正是下游区域粒子重新穿过激波的必要条件,在没有替代散射机制的情况下,这些结果意味着排除了加速到更高能量的可能性。如果弱磁化的超相对论性激波一般不被认为是高能粒子加速器,那么对超高能宇宙射线潜在来源的搜索就可以缩小。
The maximum energy to which cosmic rays can be accelerated at weakly magnetised ultra-relativistic shocks is investigated. We demonstrate that for such shocks, in which the scattering of energetic particles is mediated exclusively by ion skin-depth scale structures, as might be expected for a Weibel-mediated shock, there is an intrinsic limit on the maximum energy to which particles can be accelerated. This maximum energy is determined from the requirement that particles must be isotropized in the downstream plasma frame before the mean field transports them far downstream, and falls considerably short of what is required to produce ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. To circumvent this limit, a highly disorganized field is required on larger scales. The growth of cosmic ray-induced instabilities on wavelengths much longer than the ion-plasma skin depth, both upstream and downstream of the shock, is considered. While these instabilities may play an important role in magnetic field amplification at relativistic shocks, on scales comparable to the gyroradius of the most energetic particles, the calculated growth rates have insufficient time to modify the scattering. Since strong modification is a necessary condition for particles in the downstream region to re-cross the shock, in the absence of an alternative scattering mechanism, these results imply that acceleration to higher energies is ruled out. If weakly magnetized ultra-relativistic shocks are disfavoured as high-energy particle accelerators in general, the search for potential sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays can be narrowed.
伽马射线爆射流中的粒子加速
DOI: 10.1086/497634
发表时间: 2005
期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
影响因子: --
作者:
F. Rieger;P. Duffy
通讯作者: P. Duffy
并行相对论冲击中电流驱动的不稳定性
DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/48/12/004
发表时间: 2006
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
B. Reville;J. Kirk;P. Duffy
通讯作者: P. Duffy
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stt100
发表时间: 2013
影响因子: 4.8
作者:
Reville B
通讯作者: Reville B
轻子和强子组成的等离子体垂直相对论激波的加速
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/755/1/68
发表时间: 2012
期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子: --
作者:
A. Stockem;F. Fiuza;R. Fonseca;L. Silva
通讯作者: L. Silva
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20021173
发表时间: 2001
影响因子: 6.5
作者:
M. Ostrowski;M. Ostrowski;J. Bednarz
通讯作者: J. Bednarz