Neurophysiological signals of ignoring and attending are separable and related to performance during sustained intersensory attention.
Neurophysiological signals of ignoring and attending are separable and related to performance during sustained intersensory attention.
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忽略和关注的神经生理信号是可分离的，并且与持续的感官间注意力期间的表现相关。
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00613
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Cohen,MarkS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lenartowicz,Agatha;Simpson,GregoryV;Haber,CatherineM;Cohen,MarkS
选择性地注意输入而忽略干扰感觉的能力被认为取决于两个过程的协调：目标信号的增强和干扰信号的衰减。这意味着注意和忽略可能是可分离的神经过程，它们对注意的行为结果做出了可分离的贡献。在这项研究中，我们测试了这些假设的背景下，持续的注意力，通过测量神经生理反应出席和忽略的刺激，在一个noncue的，连续的，视听选择性注意任务。我们将这些与被动控制期间的反应进行比较，以分别量化参加和忽略的影响。在这两种感觉方式中，相对于被动控制，对被忽略的刺激的反应被减弱，而对被关注的刺激的反应被增强。头皮地形和大脑激活这些调制效果是一致的感觉区域，处理每一种方式。他们还包括顶叶和前额叶的激活，表明这些效应是由自上而下和感觉皮层之间的相互作用引起的。最重要的是，我们发现，注意和忽略过程都有助于任务的准确性，这些影响是不相关的，这表明了独特的神经轨迹。这一结论得到了新的观察结果的支持，即注意和忽视在时间和活跃的皮层区域上是不同的。这些数据提供了直接的证据，可分开的贡献，出席和忽视的注意力控制的行为结果，在持续的感觉间注意。
The ability to attend to an input selectively while ignoring distracting sensations is thought to depend on the coordination of two processes: enhancement of target signals and attenuation of distractor signals. This implies that attending and ignoring may be dissociable neural processes and that they make separable contributions to behavioral outcomes of attention. In this study, we tested these hypotheses in the context of sustained attention by measuring neurophysiological responses to attended and ignored stimuli in a noncued, continuous, audiovisual selective attention task. We compared these against responses during a passive control to quantify effects of attending and ignoring separately. In both sensory modalities, responses to ignored stimuli were attenuated relative to a passive control, whereas responses to attended stimuli were enhanced. The scalp topographies and brain activations of these modulatory effects were consistent with the sensory regions that process each modality. They also included parietal and prefrontal activations that suggest these effects arise from interactions between top–down and sensory cortices. Most importantly, we found that both attending and ignoring processes contributed to task accuracy and that these effects were not correlated—suggesting unique neural trajectories. This conclusion was supported by the novel observation that attending and ignoring differed in timing and in active cortical regions. The data provide direct evidence for the separable contributions of attending and ignoring to behavioral outcomes of attention control during sustained intersensory attention.