Sophistication and the antecedents of whites' racial policy attitudes - Racism, ideology, and affirmative action in america
Sophistication and the antecedents of whites' racial policy attitudes - Racism, ideology, and affirmative action in america
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/339848
复制
发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sidanius, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Federico, CM;Sidanius, J
许多研究人员认为，偏见对种族政策态度和白色美国人的一般政治信仰的影响可能仅限于受教育程度低和政治上不成熟的人。相比之下，政治上老练的白色美国人的种族政策态度和意识形态价值观，与其说是受到偏见的驱使，不如说更坚定地受到美国政治文化核心的宽容价值观的影响和推动。这些价值观包括个人主义、公平竞争的观念和对机会均等原则的忠诚。我们使用1986年和1992年全国选举研究的白色受访者来检验这一假设。我们的证据普遍表明，在政治上成熟的美国白色中，种族政策态度和政治意识形态与种族主导和优越意识形态的联系比在政治上不成熟的美国白色中更紧密。此外，即使是在老练的人中，我们也发现各种形式的平等主义预示着对平权行动的支持而不是反对，而且对平等机会的支持在政治光谱中并不是均匀分布的。
A number of researchers have argued that the effects of prejudice on the racial policy attitudes and general political beliefs of white Americans may be restricted to the poorly educated and politically unsophisticated. In contrast, rather than being motivated by prejudice, the racial policy attitudes and ideological values of the politically sophisticated white Americans should be more firmly informed and motivated by the tolerant values at the heart of American political culture. These values include such things as individualism, notions of fair play, and devotion to the principle of equality of opportunity. We tested this hypothesis using white respondents from the 1986 and 1992 National Election Studies. Our evidence generally indicated that racial policy attitudes and political ideology were more powerfully associated with ideologies of racial dominance and superiority among politically sophisticated white Americans than among political unsophisticated white Americans. Moreover, even among the sophisticated, we found that various forms of egalitarianism predicted support for-rather than opposition to-affirmative action and that support for equal opportunity is not uniformly distributed across the political spectrum.