Category learning in rhesus monkeys: a study of the Shepard, Hovland, and Jenkins (1961) tasks.
Category learning in rhesus monkeys: a study of the Shepard, Hovland, and Jenkins (1961) tasks.
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恒河猴的类别学习：对 Shepard、Hovland 和 Jenkins (1961) 任务的研究。
DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.133.3.398
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Washburn,DavidA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Smith,JDavid;Minda,JohnPaul;Washburn,DavidA
在有影响力的研究中，RN谢泼德，CI Hovland和HM Jenkins（1961）使用基于规则，异或（XOR）关系和范例记忆的任务调查了人类的分类能力。线索条件反射或刺激概括理论对人类的表现预测不佳，导致谢泼德等人从假设选择和规则应用的角度来描述它，这些假设选择和规则应用可能得到了言语中介的支持。这篇文章的作者对猴子的分类能力进行了类似的调查。猴子和人类一样，发现具有单一相关维度的类别任务是最简单的，而需要样例记忆的感知混乱任务是最困难的。与人类不同，猴子发现基于XOR关系的任务非常困难。作者讨论了范畴化的种属差异的性质和基础，并讨论了猴子是否是人类所不具有的以概括为基础的认知系统。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
In influential research, RN Shepard, CI Hovland, and HM Jenkins (1961) surveyed humans' categorization abilities using tasks based in rules, exclusive-or (XOR) relations, and exemplar memorization. Humans' performance was poorly predicted by cue-conditioning or stimulus-generalization theories, causing Shepard et al. to describe it in terms of hypothesis selection and rule application that were possibly supported by verbal mediation. The authors of the current article surveyed monkeys' categorization abilities similarly. Monkeys, like humans, found category tasks with a single relevant dimension the easiest and perceptually chaotic tasks requiring exemplar memorization the most difficult. Monkeys, unlike humans, found tasks based in XOR relations very difficult. The authors discuss the character and basis of the species difference in categorization and consider whether monkeys are the generalization-based cognitive system that humans are not.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)