Ion channels in regulation of neuronal regenerative activities.
Ion channels in regulation of neuronal regenerative activities.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12975-013-0320-z
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Wei, Ling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Dongdong;Yu, Shan Ping;Wei, Ling
神经系统的再生是通过受损神经轴突的再生、受损神经细胞的修复和新神经元的产生来取代那些已经丢失的神经元来实现的。在中枢神经系统中，再生能力受到多种因素的限制，包括对神经元轴突髓鞘形成至关重要的少突胶质细胞受损、新出现的胶质瘢痕和周围区域的继发性损伤。干细胞移植治疗已被证明是治疗神经退行性疾病的一种很有前途的方法，因为干细胞具有分泌神经营养因子并产生分化后代的再生能力。然而，干细胞移植的生存、归巢、移植后神经分化效率等问题仍有待提高。离子通道允许离子在细胞内外空间或细胞质和细胞器之间交换。这些离子通道维持着脑内离子稳态，在调节神经系统的生理功能和处理神经元信号方面起着关键作用。为了寻求提高干细胞治疗神经和神经退行性疾病疗效的潜在策略，本文简要综述了离子通道在细胞增殖、分化、迁移、生长锥的趋化性轴突引导和损伤后轴突生长中的作用。
The regeneration of the nervous system is achieved by the regrowth of damaged neuronal axons, the restoration of damaged nerve cells, and the generation of new neurons to replace those that have been lost. In the central nervous system the regenerative ability is limited by various factors including damaged oligodendrocytes that are essential for neuronal axon myelination, an emerging glial scar, and secondary injury in the surrounding areas. Stem cell transplantation therapy has been shown to be a promising approach to treating neurodegenerative diseases because of the regenerative capability of stem cells that secrete neurotrophic factors and give rise to differentiated progeny. However, some issues of stem cell transplantation, such as survival, homing, and efficiency of neural differentiation after transplantation, still need to be improved. Ion channels allow for the exchange of ions between the intra- and extracellular spaces or between the cytoplasm and organelles. These ion channels maintain the ion homeostasis in the brain and play a key role in regulating the physiological function of the nervous system and allowing the processing of neuronal signals. In seeking a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of stem cell therapy in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, this review briefly summarizes the roles of ion channels in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, chemotropic axon guidance of growth cones and axon outgrowth after injury.
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