A New Age in International Relations
A New Age in International Relations
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国际关系的新时代
DOI：
10.2307/2621949
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
A. Roberts
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Roberts
过去两年发生的重大事件使我们正处于国际关系的新时代这一想法成为现实。东欧共产主义政权的垮台，1990年欧洲常规武装力量条约（CFE）的缔结，华沙条约作为一个行动机构的终结，德国的统一，一个联盟在联合国授权下将伊拉克驱逐出科威特——所有这一切似乎都不可逆转地改变了政治格局。许多人发现这些事件，因为它们在两年前似乎是极不可能的，不仅有趣，在某些情况下是受欢迎的，而且令人困惑。熟悉的罗盘已经消失了。不仅事实发生了变化，而且对国际体系的现有解释也受到了挑战。我们有一种感觉，我们生活在一个与过去所有时代根本不同的时代。在这些情况下，自然不乏这样的想法，即当代国际制度正处于根本变革的状态。其中一些“变革性”的想法在世界各地得到了广泛的传播。其中包括：(i)国家之间的高度相互依存，特别是在经济领域，造成了一种新的情况，即武力的效用正在下降。现在非暴力变革的可能性比世界历史上以往任何时期都要大。(3)欧洲的雅尔塔体系已经被一个更好的新秩序所决定性地取代。随着东西方意识形态对抗的结束，历史的终结已经临近。基于国际法、联合国宪章和安理会——以及美国的力量和影响——的世界新秩序现在已经成为现实，或者说极有可能出现。
The remarkable events of the last two years have given substance to the idea that we are in a new age of international relations. The collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe, the conclusion of the I990 CFE treaty on conventional forces in Europe, the end of the Warsaw Pact as an operational body, the unification of Germany, the expulsion of Iraq from Kuwait by an alliance acting with the authorization of the United Nations-all this seems to have changed the political landscape irreversibly.' Many people have found these events, because they seemed highly improbable only two years ago, not only interesting and in some cases welcome, but also disorienting. Familiar compass-points have disappeared. It is not just that facts have changed, but also that existing interpretations of the international system are challenged. There is a sense that we are living in a time which is fundamentally different from all past eras. In these circumstances, naturally, there is no shortage of ideas to the effect that the contemporary international system is in a state of fundamental transformation. Some of these 'transformational ' ideas have gained a good deal of currency around the world. Among them are the following: (i) The high degree of interdependence between states, especially in the economic field, has created a new situation in which force has declining utility. (2) The possibilities of non-violent change are greater now than in previous eras of world history. (3) The Yalta system in Europe has been decisively replaced by a new and better order. (4) With the end of the ideological confrontation between East and West, the end of history is nigh. (5) There is now the actuality, or the strong possibility, of a new world order, based on international law, the UN Charter and Security Council-and also on American power and influence.