Differential translation efficiency of orthologous genes is involved in phenotypic divergence of yeast species
Differential translation efficiency of orthologous genes is involved in phenotypic divergence of yeast species
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DOI：
10.1038/ng1967
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
30.8
通讯作者：
Pilpel, Yitzhak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Man, Orna;Pilpel, Yitzhak
比较基因组学的一个主要挑战是了解物种之间的表型差异是如何在它们的基因组中编码的。表型差异可能源于同源基因的差异转录，但对差异翻译调控在物种表型差异中的作用却知之甚少。为了评估翻译对发散的影响，我们分析了9个酵母基因组中类似的2800个同源基因。对于每个物种中的每个基因，我们预测了翻译效率，使用的是其密码子对生物体tRNA池的适应程度。挖掘这个数据集，我们发现了数百个基因和基因模块，这些基因和基因模块具有跨物种翻译效率的相关模式。一个信号包括氧化呼吸或发酵所需的整个模块，并分别有效地翻译成好氧或厌氧物种。此外，mRNA剪接机制的翻译效率与不同基因组中内含子的数量密切相关。总之，我们发现了根据基因功能和生物表型调节翻译的同义密码子用法的广泛选择。我们的结论是，与转录调控等因素一样，翻译效率影响物种分化过程，并受到物种分化过程的影响。
A major challenge in comparative genomics is to understand how phenotypic differences between species are encoded in their genomes. Phenotypic divergence may result from differential transcription of orthologous genes, yet less is known about the involvement of differential translation regulation in species phenotypic divergence. In order to assess translation effects on divergence, we analyzed similar to 2,800 orthologous genes in nine yeast genomes. For each gene in each species, we predicted translation efficiency, using a measure of the adaptation of its codons to the organism's tRNA pool. Mining this data set, we found hundreds of genes and gene modules with correlated patterns of translational efficiency across the species. One signal encompassed entire modules that are either needed for oxidative respiration or fermentation and are efficiently translated in aerobic or anaerobic species, respectively. In addition, the efficiency of translation of the mRNA splicing machinery strongly correlates with the number of introns in the various genomes. Altogether, we found extensive selection on synonymous codon usage that modulates translation according to gene function and organism phenotype. We conclude that, like factors such as transcription regulation, translation efficiency affects and is affected by the process of species divergence.