Halophiles and their enzymes: negativity put to good use.
Halophiles and their enzymes: negativity put to good use.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mib.2015.05.009
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
DasSarma P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DasSarma S;DasSarma P
卤素微生物具有稳定的酶，在非常高的盐度中起作用，这是一种极端的疾病，导致大多数其他蛋白质的变性，聚集和沉淀。基因组和结构分析已经确定，由于酸性过量过量而不是碱性残基，并且疏水性改变，从而增强了溶解度并促进低水活性条件下的功能，因此卤素古细菌和许多卤素细菌的酶对负责。在这里，我们提供了有关预测的卤素蛋白质组的最新生物信息学分析以及有关单个卤素酶的实验分子研究。还考虑了在发现和利用卤素及其用于生物技术的酶（包括生物燃料应用）上的持续努力。
Halophilic microorganisms possess stable enzymes that function in very high salinity, an extreme condition that leads to denaturation, aggregation, and precipitation of most other proteins. Genomic and structural analyses have established that the enzymes of halophilic Archaea and many halophilic Bacteria are negatively charged due to an excess of acidic over basic residues, and altered hydrophobicity, which enhance solubility and promote function in low water activity conditions. Here, we provide an update on recent bioinformatic analysis of predicted halophilic proteomes as well as experimental molecular studies on individual halophilic enzymes. On-going efforts on discovery and utilization of halophiles and their enzymes for biotechnology, including biofuel applications are also considered.