Sea anemones may thrive in a high CO2 world.
Sea anemones may thrive in a high CO2 world.
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海葵可能在二氧化碳含量高的世界中繁衍生息。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02767.x
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Suggett DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Suggett DJ
据预测，本世纪海水二氧化碳浓度增加，进而导致“海洋酸化”，将对海洋生态系统的多样性和功能产生深远影响。许多研究已经集中在钙化的珊瑚礁形成珊瑚(纲：珊瑚虫)，这些珊瑚似乎通过减少净钙化而特别容易受到OA的影响。然而，我们在这里表明，类似于OA的条件可以同时增强非钙化珊瑚虫的生态成功，它们不仅在当今底栖生态系统中发挥着关键的生态和生物地球化学作用，而且如果钙化珊瑚虫在未来的海洋中以较少钙化(软体)的形式存在，它也是一种模式生物。在意大利Vulcano，观察到海葵(Anemonia Viridis)种群沿着自然的二氧化碳梯度增长(数量和规模)。总光合作用(PG)和呼吸作用(R)都随着pCO2的增加而增加，这表明这种增长至少在一定程度上是由自下而上(CO2刺激)的新陈代谢推动的。共生微藻(Symbiodiniumspp.)保持不变(A19型)，表明靠近喷口地点缓解了二氧化碳对海葵共生微藻种群的限制。我们对二氧化碳提高生产力的观察与之前对一些钙化珊瑚的报告一致，传达了适合度的增加，这可能使非钙化珊瑚在未来的环境中茁壮成长，即更高的海水二氧化碳。了解二氧化碳增强的非(和较少)钙化珊瑚虫的生产力如何更广泛地应用于热带生态系统是一个优先事项，因为这种生物可以在海底生态系统中占据主导地位，特别是在局部的人为压力之后。
Increased seawaterpCO2, and in turn ‘ocean acidification’ (OA), is predicted to profoundly impact marine ecosystem diversity and function this century. Much research has already focussed on calcifying reef‐forming corals (Class: Anthozoa) that appear particularly susceptible to OA via reduced net calcification. However, here we show that OA‐like conditions can simultaneously enhance the ecological success of non‐calcifying anthozoans, which not only play key ecological and biogeochemical roles in present day benthic ecosystems but also represent a model organism should calcifying anthozoans exist as less calcified (soft‐bodied) forms in future oceans. Increased growth (abundance and size) of the sea anemone (Anemonia viridis) population was observed along a natural CO2gradient at Vulcano, Italy. Both gross photosynthesis (PG) and respiration (R) increased withpCO2indicating that the increased growth was, at least in part, fuelled by bottom up (CO2stimulation) of metabolism. The increase ofPGoutweighed that of R and the genetic identity of the symbiotic microalgae (Symbiodiniumspp.) remained unchanged (type A19) suggesting proximity to the vent site relieved CO2limitation of the anemones' symbiotic microalgal population. Our observations of enhanced productivity withpCO2, which are consistent with previous reports for some calcifying corals, convey an increase in fitness that may enable non‐calcifying anthozoans to thrive in future environments, i.e. higher seawaterpCO2. Understanding how CO2‐enhanced productivity of non‐ (and less‐) calcifying anthozoans applies more widely to tropical ecosystems is a priority where such organisms can dominate benthic ecosystems, in particular following localized anthropogenic stress.