CASES: A Novel Low-Cost Ground-based Dual-Frequency GPS Software Receiver and Space Weather Monitor
CASES: A Novel Low-Cost Ground-based Dual-Frequency GPS Software Receiver and Space Weather Monitor
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案例：新型低成本地基双频 GPS 软件接收器和空间天气监测器
DOI：
10.15781/t2cj8830p
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Bhatti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Crowley;G. Bust;A. Reynolds;I. Azeem;R. Wilder;B. O'Hanlon;M. Psiaki;S. Powell;T. Humphreys;J. Bhatti
GPS接收器可用于监测空间天气事件，如TEC变化和闪烁。本文介绍了由ASTRA、康奈尔大学和奥斯汀大学共同开发的新型GPS传感器。该接收器被称为“互联自主空间环境传感器(CASE)”，代表着双频GPS空间天气监测的革命性进步。CASES是一款平装的新型双频GPS软件接收器，具有强大的双频跟踪性能、独立功能和完全的软件升级能力。接收器跟踪L1和L2民用信号(特别是L1 C/A、L2 CL和L2 CM)。该传感器测量和计算TEC的相对精度为0.01Tecu，节奏高达1赫兹(后处理高达100赫兹)。它在L1和L2-C上测量高达100赫兹的幅度和相位，最多可以看到14颗卫星。它以用户定义的节奏计算标准闪烁严重程度指标S4、τ0和σΦ，以及新的闪烁功率比(SPR)。它能够通过闪烁进行跟踪，其组合的强度可达{0.8，0.8秒，43分贝-赫兹(标称)}(即，与日落后赤道闪烁的剧烈程度相称)，周期滑动之间的平均时间为480秒，频率解锁之间的平均时间大于1小时。其他能力和选项包括：各种数据接口解决方案；偏差的接收器内和全网校准，以及多径检测和缓解；全网自动远程配置接收器、数据的质量控制、再处理、存档和重新分发；数据处理和可视化的软件产品。CASES是由电离层社区设计和开发的，而不是改装成商业接收器。传感器的低价意味着可以以固定的预算购买更多的仪器，这将为监测和科学研究带来新的机会，包括联网应用。CASES接收器的其他潜在用途包括大地测量和地震监测、以中尺度分辨率测量对流层可降水量，以及教育宣传。
GPS receivers can be used for monitoring space weather events such as TEC variations and scintillation. This paper describes the new GPS sensor developed by ASTRA, Cornell and UT Austin. The receiver is called “Connected Autonomous Space Environment Sensor (CASE)”, and represents a revolutionary advance in dual frequency GPS space-weather monitoring. CASES is a paperback-novel-sized dual-frequency GPS software receiver with robust dual-frequency tracking performance, stand-alone capability, and complete software upgradability. The receiver tracks L1 and L2 civilian signals (specifically L1 C/A, L2 CL and L2 CM). The sensor measures and calculates TEC with a relative accuracy of a few 0.01 TECU at a cadence of up to 1 Hz (post-processing up to 100 Hz). It measures amplitude and phase at up to 100 Hz on both L1 and L2-C, for up to 14 satellites in view. It calculates the standard scintillation severity indicators S4, τ0, and σΦ, and a new index, the Scintillation Power Ration (SPR), all at a cadence that is user defined. It is able to track through scintillation with {S4, τ0, amplitude} combinations as severe as {0.8, 0.8 seconds, 43 dB-Hz (nominal)} (i.e., commensurate with vigorous post-sunset equatorial scintillation) with a mean time between cycle slips of 480 seconds and with a mean time between frequency-unlock greater than 1 hour. Other capabilities and options include: Various data interface solutions; In-receiver and network-wide calibration of biases, and detection and mitigation of multipath; Network-wide automated remote configuration of receivers, quality control, re-processing, archiving and redistribution of data in real-time; Software products for data-processing and visualization. CASES has been designed and developed by the ionosphere community rather than adapting a commercial receiver. The low price of the sensor means that many more instruments can be purchased on a fixed budget, which will lead to new kinds of opportunities for monitoring and scientific study, including networked applications. Other potential uses for CASES receivers include geodetic and seismic monitoring, measurement of precipitable water vapor in the troposphere at meso-scale resolution, and educational outreach.