Biology of Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Factors That Influence Bone Cells.
Biology of Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Factors That Influence Bone Cells.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1155/2015/421746
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cerri PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Florencio-Silva R;Sasso GR;Sasso-Cerri E;Simões MJ;Cerri PS
骨组织通过骨细胞的协同作用持续重塑，包括破骨细胞的骨吸收和成骨细胞的骨形成，而骨细胞充当骨重塑过程的机械传感器和协调器。该过程在本地（例如，生长因子和细胞因子）和全身（例如，降钙素和雌激素）因子，这些因子共同促进骨稳态。骨吸收和骨形成之间的不平衡可导致包括骨质疏松症在内的骨疾病。近年来，人们认识到，在骨重建过程中，骨细胞之间存在着复杂的通讯。例如，从骨吸收到骨形成的耦合是通过破骨细胞和成骨细胞之间的相互作用实现的。此外，骨细胞产生影响成骨细胞和破骨细胞活性的因子，而骨细胞凋亡之后是骨细胞骨吸收。随着对骨细胞结构和功能的了解不断加深，人们对骨生物学的认识也越来越深入。骨细胞和其他器官之间存在复杂的通讯，表明骨组织的动态性质。本文就骨细胞的结构和功能以及影响骨重建的因素作一综述。
Bone tissue is continuously remodeled through the concerted actions of bone cells, which include bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts, whereas osteocytes act as mechanosensors and orchestrators of the bone remodeling process. This process is under the control of local (e.g., growth factors and cytokines) and systemic (e.g., calcitonin and estrogens) factors that all together contribute for bone homeostasis. An imbalance between bone resorption and formation can result in bone diseases including osteoporosis. Recently, it has been recognized that, during bone remodeling, there are an intricate communication among bone cells. For instance, the coupling from bone resorption to bone formation is achieved by interaction between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Moreover, osteocytes produce factors that influence osteoblast and osteoclast activities, whereas osteocyte apoptosis is followed by osteoclastic bone resorption. The increasing knowledge about the structure and functions of bone cells contributed to a better understanding of bone biology. It has been suggested that there is a complex communication between bone cells and other organs, indicating the dynamic nature of bone tissue. In this review, we discuss the current data about the structure and functions of bone cells and the factors that influence bone remodeling.