In Vivo Periodontium Formation Around Titanium Implants Using Periodontal Ligament Cell Sheet.
In Vivo Periodontium Formation Around Titanium Implants Using Periodontal Ligament Cell Sheet.
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DOI：
10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0405
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Washio;Y. Tsutsumi;Yuka Tsumanuma;K. Yano;S. S. Srithanyarat-S.;R. Takagi;S. Ichinose;Walter Meinzer;M. Yamato;T. Okano;T. Hanawa;I. Ishikawa
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Washio;Y. Tsutsumi;Yuka Tsumanuma;K. Yano;S. S. Srithanyarat-S.;R. Takagi;S. Ichinose;Walter Meinzer;M. Yamato;T. Okano;T. Hanawa;I. Ishikawa
骨整合种植体已被认为非常可靠且具有长期可预测性。然而，由于缺乏牙周韧带（PDL），宿主针对感染的防御机制已知会在牙种植体周围受损。我们实验设计的目的是采用细胞片技术在种植体表面产生牙骨质和PDL。为此，我们使用含有多能干细胞的 PDL 衍生细胞作为细胞来源，并将它们培养在由商业纯钛组成的植入材料上，经过酸蚀刻、喷砂和磷酸钙 (CaP) 涂层处理以改善细胞附着。将粘附有人 PDL 细胞片的植入物作为异种模型移植到无胸腺大鼠股骨的骨缺损中。将粘附有犬 PDL 衍生细胞片的植入物作为自体模型移植到犬下颌骨中。我们证实用骨诱导培养基培养的 PDL 衍生细胞具有诱导牙骨质形成的能力。与光滑钛表面相比，在开始孵育后 40 分钟，PDL 细胞在经过三种表面处理的钛表面上的附着速度加快。大鼠模型的结果表明，经过三种表面处理并结合粘附的 PDL 衍生细胞片，在钛表面部分观察到牙骨质样和 PDL 样组织。另一方面，在具有 PDL 衍生细胞片但没有进行三种表面处理的光滑钛表面的几乎所有区域都观察到骨整合。在犬模型中，组织学观察表明，经过表面处理的钛表面上诱导了牙骨质样和PDL样组织的形成，并且PDL样组织垂直取向于具有牙骨质样组织的钛表面和骨之间。结果表明，钛种植体周围形成了类似牙周的结构，与天然牙齿周围的环境相似。牙种植体与细胞片层技术相结合的临床应用可能作为替代种植疗法是可行的。此外，该方法的应用可能在牙科的牙周、修复和正畸领域发挥创新作用。
Osseointegrated implants have been recognized as being very reliable and having long-term predictability. However, host defense mechanisms against infection have been known to be impaired around a dental implant because of the lack of a periodontal ligament (PDL). The purpose of our experimental design was to produce cementum and PDL on the implant surface adopting cell sheet technology. To this aim we used PDL-derived cells, which contain multipotential stem cells, as the cell source and we cultured them on an implant material constituted of commercially pure titanium treated with acid etching, blasting, and a calcium phosphate (CaP) coating to improve cell attachment. Implants with adhered human PDL cell sheets were transplanted into bone defects in athymic rat femurs as a xenogeneic model. Implants with adhered canine PDL-derived cell sheets were transplanted into canine mandibular bone as an autologous model. We confirmed that PDL-derived cells cultured with osteoinductive medium had the ability to induce cementum formation. The attachment of PDL cells onto the titanium surface with three surface treatments was accelerated, compared with that onto the smooth titanium surface, at 40 min after starting incubation. Results in the rat model showed that cementum-like and PDL-like tissue was partly observed on the titanium surface with three surface treatments in combination with adherent PDL-derived cell sheets. On the other hand, osseointegration was observed on almost all areas of the smooth titanium surface that had PDL-derived cell sheets, but did not have the three surface treatments. In the canine model, histological observation indicated that formation of cementum-like and PDL-like tissue was induced on the titanium surface with surface treatments and that the PDL-like tissue was perpendicularly oriented between the titanium surface with cementum-like tissue and the bone. Results demonstrate that a periodontal-like structure was formed around a titanium implant, which is similar to the environment existing around a natural tooth. The clinical application of dental implants combined with a cell sheet technique may be feasible as an alternative implant therapy. Furthermore, application of this methodology may play an innovative role in the periodontal, prosthetic, and orthodontic fields in dentistry.