A Systematic Rotation Method to Color the Historic Heawood Map by Four Colors

A Systematic Rotation Method to Color the Historic Heawood Map by Four Colors
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一种用四种颜色对希伍德历史地图进行着色的系统旋转方法

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发表时间:
2022
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通讯作者:
Weiguo Xie
Weiguo Xie
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文献类型:
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作者:
Weiguo Xie

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四色问题由弗朗西斯·格思里 (Francis Guthrie) 于 1852 年首次提出。一个世纪以来,许多研究人员尝试了多种方法并获得了一些有用的结果。 Alfred Kempe 在 1879 年使用 Kempe Chain 给出了一个提议的证明,但 Percy Heawood 在 1890 年发现了 Kempe 证明的反例 [3]。这张历史悠久的希伍德地图有 25 个区域。仅使用试错法使其变成四色可能非常具有挑战性。在本文中,将展示一种利用受法轮大法《转法轮》一书[2]中的旋转原理启发的新颖的旋转方法[4],用四种颜色为地图着色的系统方法。这表明这种新颖的旋转方法非常强大,可以提供一种系统的方法来使地图变成四色。
The four-color problem was first posed by Francis Guthrie in 1852. Over a century, many researchers tried many ways and obtained some useful results. One proposed proof was given by Alfred Kempe using Kempe Chain in 1879, but Percy Heawood found counterexample of Kempe’s proof in 1890 [3]. This historic Heawood map has 25 regions. It can be very challenging to just use trial and error method to make it four-colored. In this paper, a systematic way to color the map with four colors using a novel method of rotation [4] inspired by a rotation principle from Zhuan Falun book [2] of Falun Dafa will be demonstrated. It shows that the novel method of rotation is very powerful and can provide a systematic approach to make maps four-colored.