Technologies for increasing carbon storage in soil to mitigate climate change
Technologies for increasing carbon storage in soil to mitigate climate change
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DOI：
10.1111/sum.12115
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
A. Whitmore;G. Kirk;B. Rawlins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Whitmore;G. Kirk;B. Rawlins
从政策的角度探讨了提高土壤碳储量或避免土壤碳流失的途径。特别是对迄今为止很少受到关注的技术进行了评估。首先列举了增加土壤碳的主要途径。主要有：(1)增加有机质的输入速率；（二）用生物或化学方法降低其分解速度；（iii）通过聚合体和有机-矿物复合物内的物理-化学保护来提高其稳定化速度；（iv）增加深度，或者更准确地说，以最大速率增加土壤的总积。通过种植更多的多年生作物，特别是草类作物，可以立即获得碳储存的收益，因为草类作物的繁殖，能够将更多的碳放入土壤中。从长远来看，研究的目标是了解酶在碳周转中的作用和开发底土的能力。施用硅酸盐废弃物增加土壤中CO2作为无机碳酸盐的固定可能有一定作用。
Means to enhance storage of carbon in soil or avoid its loss from soil are discussed and examined from the viewpoint of policy. In particular, technologies that have until now received little attention are assessed. The main means by which soil carbon might be increased are first listed. These are the following: (i) increasing the rate of input of organic matter; (ii) decreasing the rate of its decomposition by biological or chemical means; (iii) increasing the rate of its stabilization by physico‐chemical protection within aggregates and organo‐mineral complexes; and (iv) increasing the depth or more correctly the total soil volume sequestering carbon at maximum rate. Immediate gains in carbon storage might be made by switching to more perennial crops, especially grasses that, as a result of breeding, are able to put more carbon into soil. In the longer term, targets for research such as understanding the role of enzymes in carbon turnover and the exploitation of the capacity in subsoils are suggested. Increased fixation of CO2 as inorganic carbonate in soils by application of silicate wastes may have some role.