Experiences of Court Clinicians Who Perform Civil Commitment Evaluations for Substance Use Disorders.
Experiences of Court Clinicians Who Perform Civil Commitment Evaluations for Substance Use Disorders.
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DOI：
10.29158/jaapl.200061-20
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发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Pivovarova, Ekaterina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christopher, Paul P.;Pridgen, Bailey E.;Pivovarova, Ekaterina
药物使用障碍的民事承诺是一种越来越常用的干预措施，以减轻与严重药物使用相关的风险。虽然法院临床医生在帮助法院确定被告是否符合承诺的法定要求方面发挥着至关重要的作用，但人们对他们进行这些评估的经验知之甚少。在这项初步研究中，我们调查了马萨诸塞州所有对物质使用障碍民事承诺进行评估的法庭临床医生，马萨诸塞州是全国此类承诺率最高的州之一。法庭临床医生报告说，这些评估最常用于使用海洛因和其他阿片类药物、酒精和大麻的个人。他们报告说，最近的自杀企图或药物过量，故意对他人造成身体伤害，使用危险武器，以及醉酒驾驶是最可能满足迫在眉睫风险的法定要求的行为。与此同时，许多法庭临床医生认为更广泛的行为构成迫在眉睫的风险，许多人报告说，在没有满足法定标准的情况下，他们在一个或多个场合认可了承诺。这些发现强调需要进一步研究药物使用障碍民事承诺评价的绩效和这种评价的标准。
Civil commitment for substance use disorders is an increasingly used intervention to mitigate the risks associated with severe substance use. Although court clinicians play a vital role in helping courts determine whether respondents meet statutory requirements for commitment, little is known about their experiences conducting these evaluations. In this pilot study, we surveyed all court clinicians who perform evaluations for civil commitment for substance use disorders in Massachusetts, a state with one of the highest rates of such commitments nationally. Court clinicians reported that these evaluations are most frequently ordered for individuals who use heroin and other opioids, alcohol, and cannabis. They reported a recent suicide attempt or drug overdose, intentional physical harm to another, use of dangerous weapon, and driving while intoxicated as the behaviors most likely to satisfy the statutory requirement of imminent risk. At the same time, many court clinicians consider a much broader range of behaviors as constituting imminent risk, and many reported having endorsed commitment on one or more occasions in the absence of statutory criteria being satisfied. These findings underscore the need for additional research on the performance of civil commitment evaluations for substance use disorder and standards for such evaluations.