Combined Impact of Soil Heterogeneity and Vegetation Type on the Annual Water Balance at the Field Scale
Combined Impact of Soil Heterogeneity and Vegetation Type on the Annual Water Balance at the Field Scale
复制标题
土壤异质性和植被类型对田间年水平衡的综合影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Vanderborght
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Schlüter;H. Vogel;O. Ippisch;J. Vanderborght
土壤的水力特性是由土壤的水力特性及其空间变异性决定的。在农业土壤中，这种异质性可能源于耕作或自然起源。植物根系分布在一定程度上适应了这种土壤异质性。然而，土壤异质性和根系吸水（RWU）对长期土壤水分收支的综合影响尚未受到太多关注。数值实验有助于确定土壤异质性如何影响植物蒸腾，土壤蒸发和地下水补给。二维虚拟土壤层次异质性，自然和耕作诱导，作为土壤水分动力学建模的基础，10年的气候记录，从两个气象站在德国，在年降水量有很大差异。土壤和植被之间复杂的相互作用进行了探索（i）比较不同的RWU策略（深度，结构和时间依赖的根剖面），（ii）土地利用类型（多年生草和一年生冬季作物），（iii）纹理的组合（砂上的淤泥和壤土上的砂），和（iv）RWU有或没有补偿机制。模拟重复与一维，这些虚拟土壤的有效表示。在水文土壤学的框架下，本研究揭示了植物和土壤特征之间的相互作用及其对宏观土壤水分收支的影响。我们证明，土地利用有一个重大的影响，年水量平衡，通过分区蒸散裸地蒸发和植物蒸腾。补偿RWU成为重要的年度水分平衡时，根区包括对比材料的持水能力。事实上，土壤异质性对长期土壤水分收支的影响很小。因此，植物蒸腾，土壤蒸发和地下水补给的相对贡献，总的土壤水分流失是很好地再现模拟在一维有效土壤剖面。这提倡在更大尺度上应用一维土壤-大气-植被传输（SVAT）模型。这些发现仅适用于我们的数值模拟中所做的假设，包括没有横向流动和没有大孔隙流动的平坦区域。
The hydraulic behavior of soil is determined by its hydraulic properties and their variability in space. In agricultural soils, this heterogeneity may stem from tillage or may have natural origin. The root distribution of plants will adapt to some extent to this soil heterogeneity. However, the combined impact of soil heterogeneity and root water uptake (RWU) on long‐term soil water budgets has not received much attention. Numerical experiments helped identify how soil heterogeneity affects plant transpiration, soil evaporation, and groundwater recharge. Two‐dimensional virtual soils with hierarchical heterogeneity, both natural and tillage induced, served as a basis for modeling soil water dynamics for a 10‐yr climate record from two weather stations in Germany that vastly differ in annual precipitation. The complex interactions between soil and vegetation were explored by (i) comparing different RWU strategies (depth‐, structure‐, and time‐dependent root profiles), (ii) land use types (perennial grass and annual winter crops), (iii) a combination of textures (silt above sand and sand above loam), and (iv) RWU with or without a compensation mechanism. The simulations were repeated with one‐dimensional, effective representations of these virtual soils. In the framework of hydropedology, this study shed some light on the interaction between plants and pedological features and its impact on the macroscopic soil water budget. We demonstrated that land use has a major impact on the annual water balance through the partitioning of evapotranspiration into bare soil evaporation and plant transpiration. Compensational RWU becomes important for the annual water balance when the root zone comprises contrasting materials with respect to water holding capacity. Soil heterogeneity has in fact a minor impact on long‐term soil water budgets. As a consequence, the relative contribution of plant transpiration, soil evaporation, and groundwater recharge to the total soil water loss was well reproduced by simulations in one‐dimensional effective soil profiles. This advocates the application of one‐dimensional soil–atmosphere–vegetation transfer (SVAT) models at larger scales. These findings only hold for assumptions made in our numerical simulations including flat area without lateral flow and no macropore flow.
小流域尺度土壤湿度空间格局的季节和事件动态
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Rosenbaum;H.R. Bogena;M. Herbst;J.A. Huisman;T.J. Peterson;A. Weuthen;A.W. Western;H. Vereecken
通讯作者：
H. Vereecken
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
A. Kuhlmann;I. Neuweiler;S. Zee;R. Helmig
通讯作者：
A. Kuhlmann;I. Neuweiler;S. Zee;R. Helmig