A New Method for Non-Invasive Estimation of Human Muscle Fiber Type Composition
A New Method for Non-Invasive Estimation of Human Muscle Fiber Type Composition
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0021956
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发表时间：
2011-07-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Derave, Wim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baguet, Audrey;Everaert, Inge;Derave, Wim
背景：已经确定，在短时间和长时间的运动中，优秀的运动分别需要高比例的快抽动(FT)或II型纤维和慢抽动(ST)或I型纤维。直到今天，肌肉活检方法仍然被认为是测量肌肉纤维类型组成的金标准。由于其侵入性和高抽样方差，开发一种非侵入性替代方法将是有用的。方法：83名对照受试者、15名优秀田径运动员、51名优秀运动员和14名退役运动员自愿参加本次研究。用质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)测定163例受试者腓肠肌的肌肽含量。对12名未经训练的男性进行了肌肉活检进行纤维分型。主要发现：(1)H-MRS测量的肌肉肌肽与II型纤维所占面积百分比之间存在显著的正相关。与参考人群相比，爆发型运动员的肌肽水平高出30%，而典型耐力运动员的肌肽水平比正常水平低20%。在年轻人才和退役运动员中也发现了类似的结果。根据优秀运动员的最佳跑距离进行排序，发现跑距离的对数与肌肉肌肽呈负的S型曲线。结论：肌肉肌肽含量能较好地反映优秀田径运动员的运动规律，并能区分不同的田径跑距离。耐力和短跑肌肉类型之间的差异也在年轻运动员和前运动员中观察到，这表明这一特征是由基因决定的，可以用于早期人才识别。这种快速方法为肌肉活检方法提供了一种有效的替代方法。此外，这项技术还可能有助于诊断和监测以肌肉纤维类型组成改变为特征的许多情况和疾病。
Background: It has been established that excellence in sports with short and long exercise duration requires a high proportion of fast-twitch (FT) or type-II fibers and slow-twitch (ST) or type-I fibers, respectively. Until today, the muscle biopsy method is still accepted as gold standard to measure muscle fiber type composition. Because of its invasive nature and high sampling variance, it would be useful to develop a non-invasive alternative.Methodology: Eighty-three control subjects, 15 talented young track-and-field athletes, 51 elite athletes and 14 ex-athletes volunteered to participate in the current study. The carnosine content of all 163 subjects was measured in the gastrocnemius muscle by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS). Muscle biopsies for fiber typing were taken from 12 untrained males.Principal Findings: A significant positive correlation was found between muscle carnosine, measured by (1)H-MRS, and percentage area occupied by type II fibers. Explosive athletes had similar to 30% higher carnosine levels compared to a reference population, whereas it was similar to 20% lower than normal in typical endurance athletes. Similar results were found in young talents and ex-athletes. When active elite runners were ranked according to their best running distance, a negative sigmoidal curve was found between logarithm of running distance and muscle carnosine.Conclusions: Muscle carnosine content shows a good reflection of the disciplines of elite track-and-field athletes and is able to distinguish between individual track running distances. The differences between endurance and sprint muscle types is also observed in young talents and former athletes, suggesting this characteristic is genetically determined and can be applied in early talent identification. This quick method provides a valid alternative for the muscle biopsy method. In addition, this technique may also contribute to the diagnosis and monitoring of many conditions and diseases that are characterized by an altered muscle fiber type composition.