Evidence of the presence of the Zika virus in Mexico since early 2015
Evidence of the presence of the Zika virus in Mexico since early 2015
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DOI：
10.1007/s11262-016-1384-0
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Kuri-Morales, Pablo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alberto Diaz-Quionez, Jose;Lopez-Martinez, Irma;Kuri-Morales, Pablo
为了在墨西哥第一例有记录的病例之前评估寨卡病毒(ZIKV)的可能传播，我们重新分析了来自韦拉克鲁斯州和尤卡坦州的储存样本，这些样本最初是为了检测登革热(DENV)和基孔肯雅热(CHIKV)而收集的，但尽管有症状，但这些病毒都是阴性的。这些样本最初是在ZIKV尚未被宣布为国际关注突发公共卫生事件(PHEIC)的30至46个流行病学周(EW)期间收集的。在4016份阴性样本中，共有100份样本，其中50份来自韦拉克鲁斯(CHIK-DENV-)，50份来自尤卡坦地区(4份CHIK-DENV-和46份CHIK-或DENV-)，用RT-PCR对寨卡病毒进行了检测。结果显示，在韦拉克鲁斯和尤卡坦分别有20%(10/50)和70%(35/50)的寨卡病毒阳性，明确表明至少从2015年7月开始就有寨卡病毒的存在。我们还通过RT-PCR对2015年初未确诊的疑似麻疹病例进行了ZIKV检测。值得注意的是，在墨西哥的11个州中，86%(18/21)的人阳性，症状最早出现在2015年5月。最后，对2015年1月至3月捕获的埃及伊蚊提取的RNA进行的RT-PCR分析显示，存在ZIKV，这强烈表明该媒介在2015年初就已经携带病毒。
To assess the possible circulation of Zika virus (ZIKV) prior to the first documented case in Mexico, we reanalyzed the stored samples from the states of Veracruz and Yucatan, which were originally collected to test for dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) but were negative for these viruses despite the symptomatology. The samples were originally collected between the 30 and 46 epidemiological weeks (EW) when the ZIKV was not yet declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). From the total 4016 negative samples, a total of one hundred samples, 50 from Veracruz (CHIK- DENV-) and 50 from Yucatan (4 CHIK- DENV- and 46 CHIK- or DENV-), were tested for Zika virus by using RT-PCR. Results showed that in Veracruz and Yucatan, 20 % (10/50) and 70 % (35/50) were, respectively, ZIKV positive, indicating unequivocally the presence of ZIKV at least since July 2015. We also tested non-confirmed suspect measles cases from early 2015 for ZIKV by RT-PCR. Remarkably in 11 Mexican states, 86 % (18/21) were positive with the earlier symptoms onset as early as May 2015. Finally, RT-PCR analyses on RNA extracted from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes captured from January to March 2015 showed the presence of ZIKV, strongly suggesting that the vector was already carrying the virus at the start of 2015.