The G protein α subunit Gαs is a tumor suppressor in Sonic hedgehog-driven medulloblastoma.

The G protein α subunit Gαs is a tumor suppressor in Sonic hedgehog-driven medulloblastoma.
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DOI:
10.1038/nm.3666
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发表时间:
2014-09
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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髓母细胞瘤是最常见的儿童恶性脑肿瘤,具有不同的分子亚型和细胞起源。驱动髓母细胞瘤发生和发展的基因改变仍然知之甚少。在此,我们确定GNAS,编码G蛋白Gsα,作为一个有效的肿瘤抑制基因,定义了一个子集的侵略性音速刺猬(Shh)驱动的人髓母细胞瘤。切除解剖学上不同的祖细胞中的单个Gnas基因足以诱导Shh相关的髓母细胞瘤,其重演了它们的人类对应物。Gsα在颗粒神经元前体的初级纤毛中高度富集,并通过调节cAMP依赖性途径和Hedgehog途径组分的纤毛运输来抑制Shh信号传导。Gsα效应物cAMP的升高有效抑制Gnas突变体中的肿瘤细胞增殖和进展。因此,我们的功能获得和丧失研究确定了以前未被认识的Gsα肿瘤抑制功能,其作为不同细胞和解剖学来源的Shh组髓母细胞瘤的分子联系,阐明了G蛋白调节作为潜在的治疗途径。
Medulloblastoma, the most common malignant childhood brain tumor, exhibits distinct molecular subtypes and cellular origins. Genetic alterations driving medulloblastoma initiation and progression remain poorly understood. Herein, we identify GNAS, encoding the G-protein Gsα, as a potent tumor suppressor gene that defines a subset of aggressive Sonic Hedgehog (Shh)-driven human medulloblastomas. Ablation of the single Gnas gene in anatomically-distinct progenitors is sufficient to induce Shh-associated medulloblastomas, which recapitulate their human counterparts. Gsα is highly enriched at the primary cilium of granule neuron precursors and suppresses Shh-signaling by regulating both the cAMP-dependent pathway and ciliary trafficking of Hedgehog pathway components. Elevation of a Gsα effector, cAMP, effectively inhibits tumor cell proliferation and progression in Gnas mutants. Thus, our gain- and loss-of-function studies identify a previously unrecognized tumor suppressor function for Gsα that acts as a molecular link across Shh-group medulloblastomas of disparate cellular and anatomical origins, illuminating G-protein modulation as a potential therapeutic avenue.
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