THE PRODUCTION OF SPERM ISO-AGGLUTININS BY OVA.
THE PRODUCTION OF SPERM ISO-AGGLUTININS BY OVA.
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通过卵子产生精子异凝集素。
DOI：
10.1126/science.36.929.527
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发表时间：
1912
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
F. R. Lillie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. R. Lillie
反应的逆转在于凝集块分解成它们的单个细胞，但这并不意味着恢复到它们原来的生理状态;如果凝集溶液（卵提取物）足够强，经过一段时间的强烈刺激，随后发生凝集和逆转，精子的运动逐渐完全停止，10分钟后，它们就不能再吸收掉在其中的卵细胞了。凝集作用的大小与悬液中精虫的活性和相对密度及凝集液的浓度有关。精子越活跃，悬浮液的密度越大（在一定限度内），凝集开始越快，凝集块越大。当然，可以用各种方法使凝集介质的强度变化，从而使凝集能力变化。例如，在一个实施例中，通过在大约其自身体积的海水中压碎卵巢和卵，或在蒸馏水中提取，可以制备非常有效的溶液。这种凝集剂不容易被热破坏。在沸腾并保持在950至980 ℃的温度后。约70分钟后，一种强提取物的凝集作用大大减弱，但并没有完全丧失。迄今为止，没有一种海胆的其他组织能产生这种精子的凝集剂：（1）不论雄或雌，体腔内的血清是完全中性的，精子在其中正常游动。但是，当卵从卵巢中取出后，血清就形成了一种强有力的媒介，从卵中提取凝集素，尽管在卵与血清被卵巢膜隔开的完整动物中，不发生凝集素的提取。(2)用海水或蒸馏水切碎肠段，蒸馏水特别是大量提取有色物质，但滤液中未检测到精子凝集素。
The reversal of the reaction consists in the resolution of the agglutinated masses into their individual cells, but this does not mean a return to their original physiological condi-tion; forif the agglutinating solution (egg-extract) be sufficiently strong, after a period of intense stimulation followedby agglutina-tion and reversal, the movements of the sper-matozoa gradually cease entirely andin ten minutes they are no longer capable of fertilizing ova dropped in with them. The agglutination isa factor of (1) the activity and relative density of the spermato-zoa in the suspension, and (2) of the strength of the agglutinating solution. The more active the sperms and the greater the density of the suspension (within certain limits) the more rapid is the onset of the agglutination and the larger the agglutinated masses. The agglutinating medium may of course be made to vary in strength, and hence in agglutina-ting power by various means, e. g., by crushing ovaries and eggs in about their own bulk of sea-water, or extracting in distilled water, very powerful solutions may be made. The agglutinating agent is not readily de-stroyed by heat. After boiling and maintaining at a temperature of 950 to 980 C. forabout 70 minutes, the agglutinating action ofa strong extract was very much reduced but was not entirely lost.No other tissue of the sea-urchin, so far as observed, produces an agglutinating agent for the sperm of the species:(1) The serum from the body-cavity, whether of males or females, is entirely neutral and the spermatozoa swim in it normally. But the serum forms a power-ful agent for extracting the agglutinin from the eggs after the latter are removed from the ovary, though in the intact animal in which the eggsare separated from the serum by the ovarian membrane no extraction of agglutinin takes place.(2) La, ge pieces of the intestine were cut up in sea-water or in distilled water, the latter especially extracting colored matters in large quantity; butno sperm agglutinin could be detected in the filtrate.