Spatial dynamics of alcohol availability, neighborhood structure and violent crime
Spatial dynamics of alcohol availability, neighborhood structure and violent crime
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2001.62.628
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Labouvie, EW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorman, DM;Speer, PW;Labouvie, EW
目的：本研究探讨了社区社会结构，酒精出口密度和暴力犯罪之间的关系在卡姆登，新泽西。方法：邻里社会结构，暴力犯罪和酒精浓度的数据收集了98块组，并进行了分析，采用双变量，多变量和空间分析。结果如下：每种类型的分析表明，在控制了邻里社会结构后，那些酒精出口密度高的地区比低密度地区经历了更多的暴力犯罪。在多元回归分析中，酒精出口密度解释了街区组暴力犯罪率变异的近五分之一-超过分析中包含的任何一个社区结构变量。这些研究结果在空间分析中得到了复制，这也表明，酒精出口密度对目标街区组内的暴力犯罪有显著影响，但对相邻街区组无影响。结论：在这个城市社区，高酒精出口密度与高暴力犯罪率相关。空间分析表明，酒精出口提高了暴力犯罪率的直接邻里的背景下，而不是在周围的社区。
Objective: This study examined the relationship between neighborhood social structure, alcohol outlet densities and violent crime in Camden, New Jersey. Method: Data pertaining to neighborhood social structure, violent crime and alcohol density were collected for 98 block groups, and analyzed using bivariate, multivariate and spatial analyses. Results: Each type of analysis showed that those areas with high alcohol outlet densities experienced more violent crime than low-density areas, after controlling for neighborhood social structure. In the multivariate regression analysis, alcohol outlet densities explained close to one fifth of the variability in violent crime rates across block groups- more than any one of the neighborhood structural variables included in the analysis. These findings were replicated in the spatial analysis, which also showed that alcohol outlet densities contributed significantly to violent crime within target block groups but not in adjacent block groups. Conclusions: High alcohol outlet density is associated with high rates of violent crime in this urban community. Spatial analysis suggests that alcohol outlets elevate the rate of violent crime within the immediate neighborhood context, not in surrounding neighborhoods.