Neural mechanisms of addiction: The role of reward-related learning and memory
Neural mechanisms of addiction: The role of reward-related learning and memory
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113009
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
13.9
通讯作者：
Nestler, Eric J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hyman, Steven E.;Malenka, Robert C.;Nestler, Eric J.
成瘾是一种强迫性吸毒的状态；尽管进行了治疗和其他尝试来控制吸毒，但毒瘾往往会持续存在。临床和实验室观察一致认为，成瘾代表了对通常服务于奖励相关学习的神经过程的病理性侵占。据推测，持续性强迫性药物使用的主要基础是分子和细胞机制，这些机制是几个前脑回路（涉及腹侧和背侧纹状体以及前额皮质）中长期联想记忆的基础，这些回路接收中脑多巴胺神经元的输入。在这里，我们回顾了确定成瘾候选机制的进展。
Addiction is a state of compulsive drug use; despite treatment and other attempts to control drug taking, addiction tends to persist. Clinical and laboratory observations have converged on the hypothesis that addiction represents the pathological usurpation of neural processes that normally serve reward-related learning. The major substrates of persistent compulsive drug use are hypothesized to be molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie long-term associative memories in several forebrain circuits (involving the ventral and dorsal striatum and prefrontal cortex) that receive input from midbrain dopamine neurons. Here we review progress in identifying candidate mechanisms of addiction.