Astrocytes potentiate transmitter release at single hippocampal synapses
Astrocytes potentiate transmitter release at single hippocampal synapses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.1144640
复制
发表时间：
2007-08-24
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Araque, Alfonso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perea, Gertrudis;Araque, Alfonso
星形胶质细胞在脑生理学中起着积极的作用。它们对神经递质作出反应并调节神经元的兴奋性和突触功能。然而，星形胶质细胞在单个突触水平上对突触传递和可塑性的影响尚不清楚。星形胶质细胞内Ca ~（2+）升高可短暂增加海马CA_3-CA_1区突触释放递质的可能性，但不影响突触事件的幅度。这种形式的短期可塑性是由于从星形胶质细胞释放谷氨酸，这一过程依赖于Ca 2+和可溶性N-乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子附着蛋白受体（SNARE）蛋白，并激活代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluRs）。当星形胶质细胞信号与突触后去极化在时间上一致时，递质释放的瞬时增强变得持久。这种持续的可塑性是mGluR介导的，但依赖于N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体。这些结果表明，星形胶质细胞积极参与突触信息的传递和存储。
Astrocytes play active roles in brain physiology. They respond to neurotransmitters and modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic function. However, the influence of astrocytes on synaptic transmission and plasticity at the single synapse level is unknown. Ca2+ elevation in astrocytes transiently increased the probability of transmitter release at hippocampal area CA3-CA1 synapses, without affecting the amplitude of synaptic events. This form of short-term plasticity was due to the release of glutamate from astrocytes, a process that depended on Ca2+ and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein and that activated metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The transient potentiation of transmitter release became persistent when the astrocytic signal was temporally coincident with postsynaptic depolarization. This persistent plasticity was mGluR-mediated but N-methyl-D-aspartate receptorin-dependent. These results indicate that astrocytes are actively involved in the transfer and storage of synaptic information.