AGGRESSIVE INTERACTIONS AND INTER-CONTEST INTERVAL - HOW LONG DO WINNERS KEEP WINNING
AGGRESSIVE INTERACTIONS AND INTER-CONTEST INTERVAL - HOW LONG DO WINNERS KEEP WINNING
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DOI：
10.1006/anbe.1994.1253
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发表时间：
1994-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
DUGATKIN, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHASE, ID;BARTOLOMEO, C;DUGATKIN, LA
许多分类群中的大量证据表明，先前的社会经验影响随后的攻击性互动的结果。虽然“失败者效应”--即一个人输掉一场比赛很可能输掉下一场比赛--是相对较好的理解，但对“赢家效应”的研究--即赢得一场比赛(原文如此)会增加赢得下一场比赛的可能性--产生了好坏参半的结果。早期的研究(原文如此)关于赢家效应是否存在，如果存在，它会持续多久。然而，结果的差异可能是由于不同的比赛间隔和选择之前研究中使用的参赛者的程序所致。这些方法上的差异是通过对南瓜籽太阳鱼(Lepomis GibBosus)进行一系列随机选择的获胜者和三个不同的竞赛间隔的实验来解决的。结果表明，南瓜籽太阳鱼确实存在赢家效应，但这种效应只持续15-60分钟。在这些结果的基础上，讨论了关于等级形成的行为动力学的预测，并指出，原则上，在某些个体之间的优势相互作用的结果在他们实际聚集成一个群体之前可能是不可能预测的。最后，对赢家效应的可能机制进行了探讨。
Considerable evidence across many taxa demonstrates that prior social experience affects the outcome of subsequent aggressive interactions. Although the 'loser effect', in which an individual losing one encounter is likely to lose the next, is relatively well understood, studies of the 'winner effect', in which winning one (sic) increases the probability of winning the next, have produced mixed results. Earlier studies (sic) concerning whether a winner effect exists, and if it does, how long it lasts. The variation in results, however, may arise from different inter-contest intervals and procedures for selecting contestants employed across previous studies. These methodological differences are addressed through a series of experiments using randomly selected winners and three different inter-contest intervals in the pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis gibbosus. The results indicate that a winner effect does in fact exist in pumpkinseed sunfish, but that it only lasts between 15 and 60 min. Based on these results, predictions about the behavioural dynamics of hierarchy formation are discussed, and it is suggested that it may be impossible, in principle, to predict the outcome of dominance interactions between some individuals before they are actually assembled to form a group. Finally, the possible mechanisms underlying the winner effect are explored.