PCH-2 and meiotic HORMADs: A module for evolutionary innovation in meiosis?
PCH-2 and meiotic HORMADs: A module for evolutionary innovation in meiosis?
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.07.001
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发表时间：
2023-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bhalla, Needhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bhalla, Needhi
有性生殖和它所依赖的专门的细胞分裂，减数分裂，是生物过程，呈现出令人难以置信的进化保守和分化程度。这种矛盾的一个明显例子是进化上古老的PCH-2/HORMAD模块在减数分裂中的作用。一方面，当PCH-2和/或减数分裂HORMADS在不同的模型系统中突变时观察到的复杂且有时不同的减数分裂缺陷阻碍了对其保守功能的直接表征。另一方面，这些功能的变化证明了令人印象深刻的分子重新布线，伴随着这些因素参与的减数分裂过程的进化。虽然在PCH-2突变体中观察到的缺陷似乎在不同的系统中有所不同，在这篇综述中，我认为PCH-2具有保守的减数分裂功能：协调减数分裂重组与突触，以确保适当的数量和分布的交叉。此外，鉴于重组和突触事件本身在不同模型系统中如何调节的巨大变化，PCH-2和减数分裂HORMAD功能的机制差异在被视为物种特异性阐述时具有生物学意义。
Sexual reproduction and the specialized cell division it relies upon, meiosis, are biological processes that present an incredible degree of both evolutionary conservation and divergence. One clear example of this paradox is the role of the evolutionarily ancient PCH-2/HORMAD module during meiosis. On one hand, the complex, and sometimes disparate, meiotic defects observed when PCH-2 and/or the meiotic HORMADS are mutated in different model systems have prevented a straightforward characterization of their conserved functions. On the other hand, these functional variations demonstrate the impressive molecular rewiring that accompanies evolution of the meiotic processes these factors are involved in. While the defects observed in pch-2 mutants appear to vary in different systems, in this review, I argue that PCH-2 has a conserved meiotic function: to coordinate meiotic recombination with synapsis to ensure an appropriate number and distribution of crossovers. Further, given the dramatic variation in how the events of recombination and synapsis are themselves regulated in different model systems, the mechanistic differences in PCH-2 and meiotic HORMAD function make biological sense when viewed as species-specific elaborations layered onto this fundamental, conserved role.