Measuring human rights violations in a conflict-affected country: results from a nationwide cluster survey in Central African Republic.
Measuring human rights violations in a conflict-affected country: results from a nationwide cluster survey in Central African Republic.
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DOI：
10.1186/1752-1505-5-4
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发表时间：
2011-03-07
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Roberts, Les
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Potts, Alina;Myer, Kathleen;Roberts, Les
背景：衡量侵犯人权行为在武装冲突期间或之后尤其具有挑战性。最近在中非共和国进行的一项全国性调查估计严重侵犯受武装冲突影响的儿童和成人的比率，使用一种被称为“邻里方法”的方法：在2009年6月和7月，一个随机的家庭调查进行了2003年全国人口普查的人口估计数的基础上。集群被系统地分配成比例的人口规模。在随机选择的家庭受访者进行了采访，关于杀害，故意伤害，招募到武装团体，绑架，性虐待和强奸事件之间的2008年1月1日和采访之日，发生在他们的家园和他们的三个最近的neighbors.RESULTS：60选定的69个集群进行了调查。总共对2，370个家庭的13，669名妇女进行了访谈。提供了5至17岁儿童、18岁及以上成年人和5岁及以上全体人口每1 000人中每种侵权行为的年发生率估计数，以及沿着一个综合加权全国发生率。全国5至17岁儿童的死亡率估计为每年0.98/1 000（95% CI：0.18 - 1.78）招募，2.56/1000/年（95% CI：1.50 - 3.62）外展，1.13/1000/年（95% CI：0.33 - 1.93），强奸为10.72/1000女孩/年（95% CI：7.40 - 14.04），性虐待为4.80/1000女孩/年（95% CI：2.61 - 6.00）。没有任何关于侵犯五岁以下儿童的报告，也没有关于强奸或性虐待男性的报告。在召回期间，没有儿童被杀的报告。强奸和绑架是最经常报告的事件。结论：基于人口的数字大大增加了现有的信息在中非共和国侵犯人权的行为，并代表了一个步骤，在量化中非的保护需求。政府、捐助者和国际组织应利用这些数据更好地为宣传、预防和应对方案提供信息，协助筹款，并开展监测活动，以监测儿童保护问题。
BACKGROUND: Measuring human rights violations is particularly challenging during or after armed conflict. A recent nationwide survey in the Central African Republic produced estimates of rates of grave violations against children and adults affected by armed conflict, using an approach known as the "Neighborhood Method".METHODS: In June and July, 2009, a random household survey was conducted based on population estimates from the 2003 national census. Clusters were assigned systematically proportional to population size. Respondents in randomly selected households were interviewed regarding incidents of killing, intentional injury, recruitment into armed groups, abduction, sexual abuse and rape between January 1, 2008 and the date of interview, occurring in their homes' and those of their three closest neighbors.RESULTS: Sixty of the selected 69 clusters were surveyed. In total, 599 women were interviewed about events in 2,370 households representing 13,669 persons. Estimates of annual rates of each violation occurring per 1000 people in each of two strata are provided for children between the ages of five and 17, adults 18 years of age and older and the entire population five years and older, along with a combined and weighted national rate. The national rates for children age five to 17 were estimated to be 0.98/1000/year (95% CI: 0.18 - 1.78) for recruitment, 2.56/1000/year (95% CI: 1.50 - 3.62) for abduction, 1.13/1000/year (95% CI: 0.33 - 1.93) for intentional injury, 10.72/1000 girls/year (95% CI: 7.40 - 14.04) for rape, and 4.80/1000 girls/year (95% CI: 2.61 - 6.00) for sexual abuse. No reports of any violation against a person under the age of five were recorded and there were no reports of rape or sexual abuse of males. No children were reported to have been killed during the recall period. Rape and abduction were the most frequently reported events.CONCLUSIONS: The population-based figures greatly augment existing information on human rights violations in CAR, and represent a step forward in quantifying the protection needs of Central Africans. Government, donors, and international organizations should make use of this data to better inform advocacy, prevention, and response programs, to assist in fundraising, and to develop surveillance activities to monitor child protection concerns.