Nonreciprocal control and cooling of phonon modes in an optomechanical system
Nonreciprocal control and cooling of phonon modes in an optomechanical system
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-019-1061-2
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Haitan Xu;Haitan Xu;Luyao Jiang;A. Clerk;J. Harris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haitan Xu;Haitan Xu;Luyao Jiang;A. Clerk;J. Harris
机械谐振器是从引力波探测器到移动电话等各种设备的重要组成部分。它们作为高性能传感器、传感器和滤波器，为各种物理系统提供低耗散、可调谐耦合，并与广泛的频率、材料和制造工艺兼容。机械谐振器系统通常服从互易性，这确保了任何两个谐振器之间的声子传输系数与传输方向无关。为了实现在谐振器之间提供声波能量单向传播的器件（如隔离器和环行器），必须打破互易性。这种装置对于保护有源元件、降低噪声和操作全双工收发器至关重要。到目前为止，非互反声子器件，，，，，，，-还没有同时结合鲁棒运行所必需的特征：强非互反、原位可调性、紧凑集成和连续运行。此外，它们仅应用于相干信号（而不是波动或噪声），并且仅在行波系统（而不是谐振器）中实现。在这里，我们描述了一种方案，使用标准的腔光力学相互作用来产生声子谐振器之间的鲁棒非互反耦合。这种方案在连续操作中提供约30分贝的隔离，并且可以通过应用于腔体的驱动音调的相位在原位进行调谐。此外，通过直接监测谐振器的动力学，我们表明这种非互易性可以控制热波动，并且这种控制代表了冷却声子谐振器的一种方法。
Mechanical resonators are important components of devices that range from gravitational wave detectors to cellular telephones. They serve as high-performance transducers, sensors and filters by offering low dissipation, tunable coupling to diverse physical systems, and compatibility with a wide range of frequencies, materials and fabrication processes. Systems of mechanical resonators typically obey reciprocity, which ensures that the phonon transmission coefficient between any two resonators is independent of the direction of transmission,. Reciprocity must be broken to realize devices (such as isolators and circulators) that provide one-way propagation of acoustic energy between resonators. Such devices are crucial for protecting active elements, mitigating noise and operating full-duplex transceivers. Until now, nonreciprocal phononic devices, , , , , , , –have not simultaneously combined the features necessary for robust operation: strong nonreciprocity, in situ tunability, compact integration and continuous operation. Furthermore, they have been applied only to coherent signals (rather than fluctuations or noise), and have been realized exclusively in travelling-wave systems (rather than resonators). Here we describe a scheme that uses the standard cavity-optomechanical interaction to produce robust nonreciprocal coupling between phononic resonators. This scheme provides about 30 decibels of isolation in continuous operation and can be tuned in situ simply via the phases of the drive tones applied to the cavity. In addition, by directly monitoring the dynamics of the resonators we show that this nonreciprocity can control thermal fluctuations, and that this control represents a way to cool phononic resonators.