Natal dispersal, interactions among siblings and intrasexual competition
Natal dispersal, interactions among siblings and intrasexual competition
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出生分散、兄弟姐妹之间的互动和性内竞争
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arl002
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
N. Stenseth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Galliard;Gry Gundersen;H. Andreassen;N. Stenseth
根据一夫多妻交配系统的经典模型，雄性偏向扩散是避免近亲繁殖和竞争中的性不对称的结果。然而，亲属合作可以改变分散到每个性别的成本和收益，也可能选择在女性的philoparty。在这里，我们报告的实验研究，旨在梳理除了竞争，合作和避免近亲繁殖的影响，出生在幼年根田鼠（Microtus oeconomus）纳塔尔扩散。我们操纵的存在下，异性的同窝出生，并测试兄弟姐妹之间的相互作用如何影响分散和性成熟。我们还操纵了青少年的性别比例，以比较内性竞争与间性竞争的强度。纳塔尔扩散无关的少年性别比，女性聚集在空间，有一个一致的空间重叠之间的姐妹篇。男性在姐妹篇不在的情况下比在姐妹篇在场的情况下更分散，导致性别之间更强的空间隔离。因此，纳塔尔分散并没有减少与兄弟姐妹的相互作用和性内竞争的风险。我们认为，亲属集群的女性功能作为一种防御攻击性的或不熟悉的男性的杀父行为。版权所有2006年。
According to the classical model of a polygynous mating system, male-biased dispersal is a consequence of inbreeding avoidance and sexual asymmetries in competition. However, kin cooperation can change the costs and benefits of dispersal to each sex and may also select for philopatry in females. Here, we report from an experimental study designed to tease apart the effects of competition, cooperation, and inbreeding avoidance on natal dispersal in juvenile root voles (Microtus oeconomus). We manipulated the presence of opposite-sex littermates and tested how interactions among siblings influence dispersal and sexual maturation. We also manipulated the juvenile sex ratio to compare the strength of intrasexual versus intersexual competition. Natal dispersal was unrelated to the juvenile sex ratio, females aggregated in space, and there was a consistent spatial overlap among sisters. Males dispersed more in the absence of their sisters, resulting in stronger spatial segregation between sexes, than in the presence of their sisters. Thus, natal dispersal did not reduce the risks of interactions with siblings and intrasexual competition. We suggest that kin clusters in females function as a defense against aggressive or infanticidal behavior by unfamiliar males. Copyright 2006.