Characterization of immune responses in fully vaccinated individuals after breakthrough infection with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant.
Characterization of immune responses in fully vaccinated individuals after breakthrough infection with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant.
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DOI：
10.1126/scitranslmed.abn6150
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发表时间：
2022-04-20
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Barouch DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collier AY;Brown CM;McMahan KA;Yu J;Liu J;Jacob-Dolan C;Chandrashekar A;Tierney D;Ansel JL;Rowe M;Sellers D;Ahmad K;Aguayo R;Anioke T;Gardner S;Siamatu M;Bermudez-Rivera L;Hacker MR;Madoff LC;Barouch DH
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）变异株的突破性感染在免疫力下降的接种个体中经常报告。特别是，2021年7月在马萨诸塞州普罗温斯敦的一个主要完全接种疫苗的人群中发现了超过1,000例SARS-CoV-2 delta变异体感染。在这项研究中，SARS-CoV-2检测阳性的接种个体（n=16）表现出比SARS-CoV-2检测阴性的接种个体（n=23）显著更高的血清抗体应答，包括针对SARS-CoV-2 delta变体的32倍高的结合抗体滴度和31倍高的中和抗体滴度。与检测结果为阴性的接种个体相比，检测结果为阳性的接种个体在鼻分泌物中也显示出更高的粘膜抗体应答，在外周血中也显示出更高的刺突蛋白特异性CD 8 + T细胞应答。这些数据表明，完全接种疫苗的个体在感染SARS-CoV-2 δ变体后产生了强有力的记忆抗体和T细胞应答。此外，这些发现表明，随着时间的推移，通过广泛接种疫苗和突破性感染的结合，人群免疫力可能会增加。SARS-CoV-2突破性感染在接种疫苗的个体中导致强烈的血清和粘膜抗体应答以及外周T细胞应答。
Breakthrough infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have been reported frequently in vaccinated individuals with waning immunity. In particular, a cluster of over 1,000 infections with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant was identified in a predominantly fully vaccinated population in Provincetown, Massachusetts in July 2021. In this study, vaccinated individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (n=16) demonstrated substantially higher serum antibody responses than vaccinated individuals who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (n=23), including 32-fold higher binding antibody titers and 31-fold higher neutralizing antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant. Vaccinated individuals who tested positive also showed higher mucosal antibody responses in nasal secretions and higher Spike protein-specific CD8+ T cell responses in peripheral blood than did vaccinated individuals who tested negative. These data demonstrate that fully vaccinated individuals developed robust anamnestic antibody and T cell responses following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant. Moreover, these findings suggest that population immunity will likely increase over time by a combination of widespread vaccination and breakthrough infections. SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections led to robust serum and mucosal antibody responses and peripheral T cell responses in vaccinated individuals.
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