Definition and properties of disequilibria within nuclear-mitochondrial-chloroplast and other nuclear-dicytoplasmic systems.
Definition and properties of disequilibria within nuclear-mitochondrial-chloroplast and other nuclear-dicytoplasmic systems.
复制标题
核-线粒体-叶绿体和其他核-双细胞质系统内不平衡的定义和特性。
作者：
A. Schnabel;M. Asmussen
我们定义并确定了五组不平衡参数之间的相互关系，这些参数衡量了核-双胞质系统中两个和三个位点的非随机关联。这些基因假定有一个二倍体的核基因和两个单倍体的细胞质基因，特别涉及核-线粒体-叶绿体系统。三组双基因座不平衡衡量了两个细胞质基因座(DMC)的单倍型之间的关联，以及每个细胞质基因座与核等位基因或基因型(DM、D1M、D2M、D3M；DC、D1C、D2C、D3C)之间的关联。此外，我们提出了两类高阶不平衡来测量涉及所有三个基因座的非随机等位基因或基因类型关联。第一类量化核基因与两个共同获得的细胞质基因座(DA/MC、DAA/MC等)之间的关联，而第二类仅测量在考虑了所有两个基因座关联后剩余的那些关联(DA/M/C、DAA/M/C)。基于这五套措施的组合，我们提出了三个位置的核-双胞质系统的各种参数。然后在随机交配和混合交配模型下研究了这些不平衡的动态，无论是通过相同亲本遗传的细胞质基因组还是通过相反亲本遗传的细胞质基因组。除了细胞质单倍型之间的关联外，当两个细胞质基因组通过同一亲本遗传时，它们之间的关联是恒定的，所有的不平衡最终都衰减到零。然而，这些随机化并不一定是单调发生的，在某些情况下，在最初的幅度或符号变化之前。对于这两种遗传模式，渐近衰减率随着自交水平的增加而稳步减缓。这一行为与完全自交的极端情况形成对比，在完全自交的极端情况下，只有杂合子不平衡总是衰减到零。在所考虑的所有模型中，两个位点的胞核子系统的动力学完全是交配系统的函数，而细胞质和三个位点不平衡的动力学行为和符号模式也强烈地依赖于细胞质遗传模式。
We define and determine the interrelationships among five sets of disequilibrium parameters that measure two- and three-locus nonrandom associations in nuclear-dicytoplasmic systems. These assume a diploid nuclear locus and two haploid cytoplasmic loci, with special reference to nuclear-mitochondrial-chloroplast systems. Three sets of two-locus disequilibria measure the association between haplotypes at the two cytoplasmic loci (DMC) and associations between each cytoplasmic locus and nuclear alleles or genotypes (DM, D1M, D2M, D3M; DC, D1C, D2C, D3C). In addition, we present two classes of higher-order disequilibria that measure nonrandom allelic or genotypic associations involving all three loci. The first class quantifies associations between the nuclear locus and the two cytoplasmic loci taken jointly (DA/MC, DAA/MC, DAa/MC, Daa/MC, etc.), whereas the second measures only those associations remaining after all two-locus associations have been taken into account (DA/M/C, DAA/M/C, DAa/M/C, Daa/M/C). Based on combinations of these five sets of measures, we suggest a variety of parameterizations of three-locus, nuclear-dicytoplasmic systems. The dynamics of these disequilibria are then investigated under models of random and mixed mating, either with both cytoplasmic genomes inherited through the same parent or through opposite parents. Except for associations between the cytoplasmic haplotypes, which are constant when the two cytoplasmic genomes are inherited through the same parent, all disequilibria ultimately decay to zero. These randomizations do not necessarily occur monotonically, however, and in some cases are preceded by an initial increase in magnitude or sign change. For both inheritance patterns, the asymptotic decay rates are steadily retarded by increasing levels of self-fertilization. This behavior contrasts with that in the extreme case of complete selfing, for which only the heterozygote disequilibria always decay to zero. For all models considered, the dynamics of the two-locus cytonuclear subsystems are solely a function of the mating system, whereas the dynamical behavior and sign patterns of the cytoplasmic and three-locus disequilibria also depend strongly on the mode of cytoplasmic inheritance.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Amy F. MacRae;Wyatt W. Anderson
通讯作者：
Amy F. MacRae;Wyatt W. Anderson
连锁基因座的对数线性模型。
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Weir,BS;Wilson,SR
通讯作者：
Wilson,SR