The Effects of Inflammation, Infection and Antibiotics on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
The Effects of Inflammation, Infection and Antibiotics on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4_13
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Collins, Stephen M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bercik, Premysl;Collins, Stephen M.
动物研究表明，肠道感染的早期阶段伴有焦虑样行为，这是通过迷走神经上行通路介导的。慢性感染会改变肠道功能，包括动力和内脏敏感性，以及进食模式、焦虑和抑郁样行为。这些影响可能是免疫介导的，涉及促炎细胞因子的变化和犬尿氨酸/色氨酸途径代谢的改变。临床研究表明，慢性胃肠道感染会导致营养不良和发育迟缓，从而导致认知功能受损。越来越多的证据表明，除了病原体之外，胃肠道共生微生物群也会影响肠道功能和宿主的行为。动物和临床研究都表明，使用抗生素诱导肠道菌群失调后，行为和大脑化学物质会发生变化。微生物群-肠-脑相互作用的概念开辟了一个新的研究领域，旨在开发微生物导向疗法来治疗广泛的人类疾病，包括慢性胃肠道和精神疾病。
Animal studies have demonstrated that the early phase of enteric infection is accompanied by anxiety-like behavior, which is mediated through vagal ascending pathways. Chronic infection alters gut function, including motility and visceral sensitivity, as well as feeding patterns, anxiety and depression-like behavior. These effects are likely immune-mediated, and involve changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines and altered metabolism of kynurenine/tryptophan pathways. Clinical studies have shown that chronic gastrointestinal infections lead to malnutrition and stunting, resulting in impaired cognitive function. Accumulating evidence suggests that in addition to pathogens, the commensal gastrointestinal microbiota also influences gut function and host's behavior. Both animal and clinical studies have demonstrated changes in behavior and brain chemistry after induction of intestinal dysbiosis by administration of antibiotics. This concept of microbiota-gut-brain interactions opens a new field of research aimed at developing microbial-directed therapies to treat a broad spectrum of human conditions, including chronic gastrointestinal and psychiatric disorders.