Stress and sleep disorder.
Stress and sleep disorder.
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DOI：
10.5607/en.2012.21.4.141
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Shim I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han KS;Kim L;Shim I
本研究的目的是回顾可能介导睡眠变化的潜在、生理、激素和神经元机制。本文对睡眠中主要神经内分泌应激系统之一的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的活动进行了研究，旨在了解应激与睡眠障碍的关系以及应激性失眠的治疗方法。睡眠和清醒是由胺能、胆碱能脑干和下丘脑系统调节的。HPA和/或交感神经系统的激活导致清醒，这些激素包括促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质醇或皮质酮、去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素，与注意力和觉醒有关。与压力相关的失眠通过激活HPA系统导致恶性循环。人们逐渐意识到睡眠和压力系统之间的密切相互作用，下丘脑现在被认为是睡眠调节的关键中心，下丘脑神经递质系统为治疗进步提供了框架。对这些系统的最新理解可能使研究人员能够阐明睡眠障碍的神经机制，并开发有效的睡眠障碍干预措施。
The purpose of this study was to review potential, physiological, hormonal and neuronal mechanisms that may mediate the sleep changes. This paper investigates the literatures regarding the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, one of the main neuroendocrine stress systems during sleep in order to identify relations between stress and sleep disorder and the treatment of stress-induced insomnia. Sleep and wakefulness are regulated by the aminergic, cholinergic brainstem and hypothalamic systems. Activation of the HPA and/or the sympathetic nervous systems results in wakefulness and these hormones including corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol or corticosterone, noradrenaline, and adrenaline, are associated with attention and arousal. Stress-related insomnia leads to a vicious circle by activating the HPA system. An awareness of the close interaction between sleep and stress systems is emerging and the hypothalamus is now recognized as a key center for sleep regulation, with hypothalamic neurontransmitter systems providing the framework for therapeutic advances. An updated understanding of these systems may allow researchers to elucidate neural mechanisms of sleep disorder and to develop effective intervention for sleep disorder.