Change in net global warming potential of a rice-wheat cropping system with biochar soil amendment in a rice paddy from China
Change in net global warming potential of a rice-wheat cropping system with biochar soil amendment in a rice paddy from China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2013.04.001
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Zheng, Jufeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Afeng;Bian, Rongjun;Zheng, Jufeng
利用废弃生物质热解制备生物炭改良土壤是缓解气候变化的一种潜在农业对策。以我国东南地区水稻土为研究对象，对2010-2011年水稻-冬小麦轮作不同比例生物炭土壤改良后的温室气体净平衡（NGHGB）和温室气体强度（GHGI）进行了综合核算。采用静态箱法测定了水稻和冬小麦生长季土壤CO2、CH 4和N2 O的通量，并根据净初级生产力（NPP）与土壤CO2排放量（RH）之差估算了CO2的净生态系统交换量（NEE）。虽然没有观察到相对湿度的变化，但水稻和冬小麦的NPP在处理之间是相似的，除了在BSA下在批次ha（-1）比对照增加。20 t/ha和40 t/ha BSA处理下水稻生长季和冬小麦生长季N2 O排放总量分别比对照显著减少45.1%和39.5%、37.6%和41.2%。而在水稻生长季20 t ha（-1）的生物利用度下，CH 4排放量增加了30.6%。20 t ha（-1）和40 t ha（-1）的BSA对小麦生长季的NGHGB和GHGI都有很大的降低作用，但对水稻生长季的NGHGB和GHGI都没有影响。作为总体效果，在所有生物炭处理中，BSA使GHGI净减少10-20%是显著的。这种减少主要是由于稻麦生长周期中N2 O排放量的持续减少，而土壤呼吸和CH 4通量在稻季的变化不显著。鉴于作物产量和生态系统净温室气体平衡随生物炭用量和作物周期的变化而变化，生物炭土壤改良剂（BSA）在中国稻麦轮作体系中具有实现低碳强度生产和维持作物生产力的巨大潜力。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Soil amendment of biochar produced via pyrolysis of waste biomass had been proposed as a potential countermeasure to mitigate climate change in agriculture. An overall accounting of net greenhouse gas balance (NGHGB) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) was conducted of a whole rice-winter wheat rotation year of 2010-2011 in a paddy soil under biochar soil amendment at different rates from Southeast China. Fluxes of soil carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) were measured using a static chamber method, and the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) was estimated by the difference between net primary production (NPP) and soil CO2 emissions (RH) for both rice and winter wheat growing seasons. While no change observed in RH, NPP of both rice and winter wheat was similar between the treatments except for an increase under BSA at lot ha(-1) over the control. However, seasonal total N2O emission was significantly and greatly decreased by 45.1% and 39.5% of rice growing season, and by 37.6% and 41.2% of winter wheat growing season under BSA treatment of 20 t ha(-1) and 40 t ha(-1) respectively over the control. Whereas, a 30.6% increase in seasonal total CH4 emission was observed only under BSA of 20 t ha(-1) of the rice growing season. However, BSA both at 20 t ha(-1) and 40 t ha(-1) exerted a great reduction in both NGHGB and GHGI of wheat cropping season but of the rice season. As an overall effect, a net reduction in GHGI by 10-20% with BSA was significant across all the biochar treatments. And this reduction could be accounted mainly by the consistent decrease in N2O emission across rice and wheat growing cycles with insignificant changes in soil respiration and CH4 flux during rice season. Whereas there could be variable changes in crop yield and net ecosystem GHGs balance with biochar rates and with crop cycles, biochar soil amendment (BSA) could have a great potential to reach a low carbon intensity production with sustaining crop productivity of a whole rice and wheat rotation system in rice-based agriculture of China. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.