An Onset-Guided Spatial Analyser For Binaural Audio.
An Onset-Guided Spatial Analyser For Binaural Audio.
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
Ben Supper
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作者：
Ben Supper
提出了一种新的计算机算法系统，以使用双耳刺激执行起搏引导的声源定位。这个系统被称为空间分析器，将分析包括震源位置在内的空间属性。它在计算上高效，与流式双耳数据兼容，并在可能的情况下使用心理生理上有效的分析技术。该系统的主要组件是人类听觉外周的模型、起始点检测器、运行中的定位算法以及将这些结合在一起的一些逻辑。起始点检测器是专门为空间分析而设计的，使用线性回归和带通滤波技术的组合来产生对听觉起点敏感和对噪声稳健的响应。它还具有优先效应的实现。为了定位声音，找到了一种利用耳间互相关函数提取耳间时差线索的有效方法。使用双耳间线索数据库计算双耳信号的瞬时双耳间时间和强度差，并将其映射到侧角。交叉加权公式结合了跨频段的耳间时间和强度数据。然后对每个临界频带应用响度加权以产生输出。空间信息在整个定位算法中以横向角度直方图的形式进行处理。这些是离散函数，它们为任何特定的线索组合指定相对于侧角的局部化强度。在一系列验证实验中，空间分析器确定混响环境中大多数声源的方向在10以内。对于大多数信号源，即使将大量的白噪声作为令人混淆的信号添加到音频中，也能保持这种性能。输出数据也显示出与听觉声源宽度提取相兼容。只要稍加修改，空间分析器也可以近似计算震源距离。
A novel system of computer algorithms is formulated to perform onset-guided source localisation using binaural stimuli. This system, called the spatial analyser, will analyse spatial attributes including source location. It is computationally efficient, compatible with streamed binaural data, and uses psychophysically-valid analysis techniques wherever possible. The main components of the system are a model of the human auditory periphery, an onset detector, a running localisation algorithm, and some logic to combine these. The onset detector is designed specifically for spatial analysis, using a combination of linear regression and band-pass filtering techniques to produce a response that is sensitive to auditory onsets and robust to noise. It also features an implementation of the precedence effect. To localise sounds, an efficient method is found for extracting interaural time difference cues using the interaural cross-correlation function. Instantaneous interaural time and intensity differences of the binaural signal are calculated and mapped to lateral angle using a database of interaural cues. A cross-weighting formula combines the interaural time and intensity data across frequency bands. Loudness weighting is then applied to every critical band to produce an output. Spatial information is handled throughout the localisation algorithm in the form of lateral angle histograms. These are discrete functions, which specify localisation strength against lateral angle for any particular combination of cues. In a series of validation experiments, the spatial analyser determines the direction of most sound sources to within 10 in a reverberant environment. For most sources, this performance is maintained even when a substantial amount of white noise is added to the audio as a confusing signal. The output data is also shown to be compatible with auditory source width extraction. With slight modifications, the spatial analyser can also approximate source distance.