A method for reconstructing the variance of a 3D physical field from 2D observations: application to turbulence in the interstellar medium

A method for reconstructing the variance of a 3D physical field from 2D observations: application to turbulence in the interstellar medium
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一种根据 2D 观测重建 3D 物理场方差的方法:应用于星际介质中的湍流

DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16215.x
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Brunt C
Brunt C
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brunt C

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我们引入并测试了一个表达式,用于仅使用场的二维投影中包含的信息来计算物理场在三个维度上的方差。该方法是通用的,但假设统计各向同性。为了测试该方法,我们将其应用于分子云中流体动力学和磁流体动力学湍流的数值模拟,并证明如果各向同性假设有效,它可以以约 10% 的精度恢复 3D 归一化密度方差。我们证明,如果湍流是亚阿尔芬尼湍流,则各向同性的假设在低音速马赫数下不成立。理论预测表明,3D 密度方差应与湍流马赫数的平方成比例增加。我们的方法的应用将允许对这一预测进行观测检验,从而限制依赖它的大量恒星形成分析模型。
We introduce and test an expression for calculating the variance of a physical field in three dimensions using only information contained in the two-dimensional projection of the field. The method is general but assumes statistical isotropy. To test the method we apply it to numerical simulations of hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in molecular clouds, and demonstrate that it can recover the 3D normalised density variance with ~10% accuracy if the assumption of isotropy is valid. We show that the assumption of isotropy breaks down at low sonic Mach number if the turbulence is sub-Alfvenic. Theoretical predictions suggest that the 3D density variance should increase proportionally to the square of the Mach number of the turbulence. Application of our method will allow this prediction to be tested observationally and therefore constrain a large body of analytic models of star formation that rely on it.
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